CEDH · CASELAW;JUDGMENTS;COMMITTEE;ENG — 10 décembre 2015

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HUNGARY   (Application no. 34753/12 and 12 other applications - see appended list)                                 JUDGMENT     STRASBOURG   10 December 2015       This judgment is final. It may be subject to editorial revision. In the case of Bota and Others v. Hungary, The European Court of Human Rights (Fourth Section), sitting as a Committee composed of:   Vincent A. De Gaetano, President,   Egidijus Kūris,   Gabriele Kucsko-Stadlmayer, judges, and Hasan Bakırcı Acting Deputy Section Registrar, Having deliberated in private on 19 November 2015, Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date: PROCEDURE 1.     The case originated in applications against Hungary lodged with the Court under Article   34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) on the various dates indicated in the appended table. 2.     The applications were communicated to the Hungarian Government (“the Government”). The Hungarian Government (“the Government”) were represented by Mr Z. Tallódi, Agent, Ministry of Justice. THE FACTS THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE CASE 3.     The list of applicants, their representatives and the relevant details of the applications are set out in the appended table. 4.     The applicants complained of the inadequate conditions of their detention and of the lack of any effective remedy in domestic law. THE LAW I.     JOINDER OF THE APPLICATIONS 5.     Having regard to the similar subject matter of the applications, the Court finds it appropriate to examine them jointly in a single judgment. II.     ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLES   3 AND   13 OF THE CONVENTION 6.     The applicants complained of the inadequate conditions of their detention and that they had no effective remedy in this connection. They relied on Articles   3 and   13 of the Convention, which read as follows: Article 3 “No one shall be subjected to torture or to inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.” Article 13 “Everyone whose rights and freedoms as set forth in this Convention are violated shall have an effective remedy before a national authority...” 7.     The Court notes that the applicants were kept in detention in poor conditions. The details of the applicants’ detention are indicated in the appended table. The Court refers to the principles established in its case ‑ law regarding inadequate conditions of detention (see, for instance, Kud ła v.   Poland [GC], no.   30210/96, §§   90 ‑ 94, ECHR 2000 ‑ XI, and Ananyev and Others v.   Russia , nos.   42525/07 and   60800/08, §§   139 ‑ 165, 10   January 2012). It reiterates in particular that extreme lack of space in a prison cell or overcrowding weighs heavily as an aspect to be taken into account for the purpose of establishing whether the impugned detention conditions were “degrading” from the point of view of Article   3 and may disclose a violation, both alone or taken together with other shortcomings (see, amongst many authorities, Karalevičius v.   Lithuania , no.   53254/99, §§   36 ‑ 40, 7 April 2005). 8.     In the leading case of Varga and Others v. Hungary (nos. 14097/12, 45135/12, 73712/12, 34001/13, 44055/13, and 64586/13, 10 March 2015), the Court already found a violation in respect of issues similar to those in the present case. 9.     Having examined all the material submitted to it, the Court has not found any fact or argument capable of persuading it to reach a different conclusion on the admissibility and merits of these complaints. Having regard to its case-law on the subject, the Court considers that in the instant case the applicants’ conditions of detention were inadequate. 10.     The Court further notes that the applicants did not have at their disposal an effective remedy by which to submit their complaints concerning their conditions of detention. 11.     These complaints are therefore admissible and disclose a breach of Articles 3 and 13 of the Convention. III.     APPLICATION OF ARTICLE 41 OF THE CONVENTION 12.     Article 41 of the Convention provides: “If the Court finds that there has been a violation of the Convention or the Protocols thereto, and if the internal law of the High Contracting Party concerned allows only partial reparation to be made, the Court shall, if necessary, afford just satisfaction to the injured party.” 13.     Regard being had to the documents in its possession and to its case ‑ law (see, in particular, Varga and Others v. Hungary, nos. 14097/12, 45135/12, 73712/12, 34001/13, 44055/13, and 64586/13, 10 March 2015), the Court considers it reasonable to award the sums indicated in the appended table. 14.     The Court considers it appropriate that the default interest rate should be based on the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank, to which should be added three percentage points. FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT, UNANIMOUSLY, 1.     Decides to join the applications;   2.     Declares the applications admissible;   3.     Holds that these applications disclose a breach of Articles   3 and 13 of the Convention concerning the inadequate conditions of detention and the absence of an effective remedy;   4.     Holds (a)     that the respondent State is to pay the applicants, within three months, the amounts indicated in the appended table, to be converted into the currency of the respondent State at the rate applicable at the date of settlement; (b)     that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amounts at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points. Done in English, and notified in writing on 10 December 2015, pursuant to Rule   77   §§   2 and 3 of the Rules of Court.     Hasan Bakırcı   Vincent A. De Gaetano Acting Deputy Registrar   President APPENDIX List of applications raising complaints under Articles 3 and 13 of the Convention (inadequate conditions of detention and lack of any effective remedy in domestic law) No. Application no. Date of introduction Applicant name Date of birth   Representative name and location Facility Start and end date Duration Sq. m. per inmate Specific grievances Amount awarded for non-pecuniary damage per applicant (in euros) [i] Amount awarded for costs and expenses per application (in euros) [ii]     34753/12 31/05/2012 Sándor BOTA 12/03/1978 Karsai Dániel András Budapest Budapest Correctional Facility, Block III. ("Maglódi/Venyige") 25/07/2010 to 16/08/2010 0 year(s) and 1 month(s)   Balassagyarmat Prison 07/09/2010 to 16/12/2010 0 year(s) and 4 month(s)   Budapest Prison, Block "B" 16/12/2010 pending 4 year(s) and 9 month(s)   3.75 m²             2.6 m²         2.7 m²   shower only once a week             no proper separation of toilet       cockroaches, bedbugs   17,500 300     34754/12 31/05/2012 Zsolt MARTIN 01/06/1975 Karsai Dániel András Budapest Budapest Prison 08/08/2003 to 19/12/2005 2 year(s) and 5 month(s)   Szeged Prison 19/12/2005 to 06/06/2006 0 year(s) and 6 month(s)   Budapest Prison 06/06/2006 to 09/10/2012 6 year(s) and 5 month(s)   Márianosztra Prison 09/10/2012 to 01/12/2013 1 year(s) and 2 month(s)   Vác Prison 01/12/2013 pending 1 year(s) and 10 month(s)   1.9 m²         3.1 m²         3.3 m²         2.5 m²         2 m²             26,000 300     45140/12 10/07/2012 András Tibor VARGA 03/03/1978 Karsai Dániel András Budapest Márianosztra Prison and Prison Hospital, Tököl 14/01/2008 to 06/10/2008 0 year(s) and 9 month(s)   Budapest Correctional Facility, Block I. ("Nagy Ignác/Markó") and Márianosztra Prison 06/10/2008 to 06/04/2010 1 year(s) and 7 month(s)     Budapest Prison and Győr-Moson-Sopron County Prison 06/04/2010 pending 5 year(s) and 6 month(s)   3,1 m²           2.6 m²                 3 m²   no proper separation of toilet         no proper separation of toilet               no proper separation of toilet   25,500 300     45848/12 10/07/2012 Miklós CSICSÁK 11/02/1971 Karsai Dániel András Budapest Békés County Prison 29/09/2005 to 28/08/2007 1 year(s) and 11 month(s)   Budapest Prison, Block "A" 29/08/2007 to 01/05/2012 4 year(s) and 9 month(s)   Budapest Prison, Block "B" 01/05/2012 to 17/07/2012 0 year(s) and 3 month(s)   2.1 m²         2.4 m²         3.3 m²   no proper separation of toilet           22,800 300     48473/12 25/07/2012 Vendel BODA 24/06/1946 Karsai Dániel András Budapest Baranya County Prison 10/12/2004 to 26/06/2005 0 year(s) and 7 month(s)   Budapest Prison 27/06/2005 pending 10 year(s) and 3 month(s)   1.9 m²         3.1 m²   no proper separation of toilet, shower only once a week     no proper separation of toilet   26,000 300     56357/12 24/08/2012 Imre FARKAS 26/05/1987 Fahidi Gergely Budapest Budapest Correctional Facility, Block I. ("Nagy Ignác/Markó") 24/05/2008 to 16/06/2008 0 year(s) and 1 month(s)   Budapest Prison, Block "A" 30/07/2009 to 25/02/2011 1 year(s) and 7 month(s)   Budapest Prison, Block "B" 25/02/2011 to 01/06/2012 1 year(s) and 4 month(s)   Budapest Prison, Block "A" 01/06/2012 to 11/08/2014 2 year(s) and 3 month(s)   2,6 m²             2.6 m²         3,1 m²         2.6 m²   bedbugs           no proper separation of toilet, only cold water in cell, shower only once a week, bedbugs, no proper ventilation in the cell   bedbugs       no proper separation of toilet, only cold water in cell, shower only once a week, bedbugs, no proper ventilation in the cell   17,800 300     56362/12 24/08/2012 László Csaba VÉTEK 05/03/1979 Karsai Dániel András Budapest Budapest Prison "A" Block 27/12/2011 to 23/01/2012 0 year(s) and 1 month(s)   Budapest Prison "B" Block 23/01/2012 to 01/06/2012 0 year(s) and 5 month(s)   Budapest Prison "A" Block 01/06/2012 pending 3 year(s) and 4 month(s)   2,6 m²         3,25 m²         3 m²   no proper separation of toilet, only cold water in cell     no proper separation of toilet, only cold water in cell     no proper separation of toilet, only cold water in cell   13,500 300     56368/12 27/08/2012 István MEGYERI 11/10/1974     Állampuszta Prison 10/06/2008 to 15/11/2010 2 year(s) and 6 month(s)   Budapest Prison, Block "B" 15/11/2010 to 01/06/2012 1 year(s) and 7 month(s)   Budapest Prison, Block "A" 01/06/2012 pending 3 year(s) and 4 month(s)   2.8 m²         2.8 m²         2.6 m²   only cold water in cell, bedbugs, cockroaches       only cold water in cell, bedbugs, cockroaches       only cold water in cell, bedbugs, cockroaches, no proper separation of toilet   24,300       58632/12 06/09/2012 Kálmán GULYÁS 01/04/1968     Budapest Prison, Block "B" 22/07/2011 to 20/11/2011 0 year(s) and 4 month(s)   Budapest Prison, Block "A" 20/11/2011 to 11/10/2013 1 year(s) and 11 month(s)       3.2 m²         2.6 m²             no proper separation of toilet   8,800     72055/12 26/10/2012 Sándor CSEMER 07/06/1981 Fahidi Gergely Budapest Budapest Correctional Facility, Block III. ("Maglódi/Venyige") 23/04/2009 to 23/07/2009 0 year(s) and 4 month(s) Budapest Prison, Block "A" 23/07/2009 to 18/02/2011 1 year(s) and 7 month(s)   Baracska Prison 18/02/2011 to 10/07/2011 0 year(s) and 5 month(s)   Budapest Prison, Block "B" 11/08/2011 pending 4 year(s) and 1 month(s)   3.75 m²         2.6 m²           2.9 m²         3.1 m²   shower only once a week, bedbugs       no proper separation of toilet, shower only once a week, cockroaches, bedbugs     shower only once a week, cockroaches, bedbugs       bedbugs, only cold water in cell   21,300 300   73195/12 09/11/2012 Péter SZABÓ 04/03/1975     Budapest Prison 21/09/2010 to 16/12/2013 3 year(s) and 3 month(s)   2.7 m²   no proper separation of toilet, shower only once a week, only cold water in cell   11,800     76492/12 20/11/2012 Elemér SZTOJKA-BIHARI 20/09/1966     Baracska Prison 06/08/2008 to 10/12/2014 6 year(s) and 5 month(s)     2 m²       21,300     79146/12 04/12/2012 Krisztián GÁL 12/05/1975 Fahidi Gergely Budapest Budapest Correctional Facility, Block I. ("Nagy Ignác/Markó"), Vác Prison and Budapest Prison 21/01/2012 to 01/04/2014 2 year(s) and 3 month(s)   Budapest Correctional Facility, Block I. ("Nagy Ignác/Markó") 09/04/2014 to 05/05/2014 0 year(s) and 1 month(s)         Budapest Prison, Block "B" 05/05/2014 pending 1 year(s) and 5 month(s)   3.2 m²               2.3 m²                   2.7 m²   no proper separation of toilet, shower only once a week, cockroaches           shower only once a week, cockroaches       13,300 300     [i] Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants. [ii] Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants.