CEDH · CASELAW;JUDGMENTS;COMMITTEE;ENG — 7 janvier 2016

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HUNGARY   (Applications nos. 65853/13 and 9 other applications – see list appended)               JUDGMENT       STRASBOURG   7 January 2016             This judgment is final but it may be subject to editorial revision.   In the case of Tamási and Others v. Hungary, The European Court of Human Rights (Fourth Section), sitting as a Committee composed of:   Vincent A. De Gaetano, President,   Egidijus Kūris,   Gabriele Kucsko-Stadlmayer, judges, and Hasan Bakırcı, Acting Deputy Section Registrar, Having deliberated in private on 3 December 2015, Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date: PROCEDURE 1.     The cases originated in applications against Hungary lodged with the Court under Article   34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) on the various dates indicated in the appended table. 2.     The applications were communicated to the Hungarian Government (“the Government”). THE FACTS 3.     The list of applicants, their representatives and the relevant details of the applications are set out in the appended table. 4.     The applicants complained of the inadequate conditions of their detention and of the lack of any effective remedy in domestic law. THE LAW I.     JOINDER OF THE APPLICATIONS 5.     Having regard to the similar subject matter of the applications, the Court finds it appropriate to examine them jointly in a single judgment. II.   ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLES   3 AND   13 OF THE CONVENTION 6.     The applicants complained of the inadequate conditions of their detention and that they had no effective remedy in this connection. They relied on Articles   3 and   13 of the Convention, which read as follows: Article 3 “No one shall be subjected to torture or to inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.” Article 13 “Everyone whose rights and freedoms as set forth in this Convention are violated shall have an effective remedy before a national authority...” 7.     The Court notes that the applicants were kept in detention in poor conditions. The details of the applicants’ detention are indicated in the appended table. The Court refers to the principles established in its case ‑ law regarding inadequate conditions of detention (see, for instance, Kud ła   v.   Poland [GC], no.   30210/96, §§   90 ‑ 94, ECHR 2000 ‑ XI, and Ananyev and Others v.   Russia , nos.   42525/07 and   60800/08, §§   139 ‑ 165, 10   January 2012). It reiterates in particular that extreme lack of space in a prison cell or overcrowding weighs heavily as an aspect to be taken into account for the purpose of establishing whether the impugned detention conditions were “degrading” from the point of view of Article   3 and may disclose a violation, both alone or taken together with other shortcomings (see, amongst many authorities, Karalevičius v.   Lithuania , no.   53254/99, §§   36–40, 7 April 2005). 8.     In the leading case of Varga and Others v. Hungary (nos. 14097/12, 45135/12, 73712/12, 34001/13, 44055/13, and 64586/13, 10 March 2015), the Court already found a violation in respect of issues similar to those in the present case. 9.     Having examined all the material submitted to it, the Court has not found any fact or argument capable of persuading it to reach a different conclusion on the admissibility and merits of these complaints. Having regard to its case-law on the subject, the Court considers that in the instant case the applicants’ conditions of detention were inadequate. 10.     The Court further notes that the applicants did not have at their disposal an effective remedy by which to submit their complaints concerning their conditions of detention. 11.     These complaints are therefore admissible and disclose a breach of Articles 3 and 13 of the Convention. III.   APPLICATION OF ARTICLE   41 OF THE CONVENTION 12.     Article   41 of the Convention provides: “If the Court finds that there has been a violation of the Convention or the Protocols thereto, and if the internal law of the High Contracting Party concerned allows only partial reparation to be made, the Court shall, if necessary, afford just satisfaction to the injured party.” 13.     Regard being had to the documents in its possession and to its case ‑ law (see, in particular, Varga and Others v. Hungary, nos. 14097/12, 45135/12, 73712/12, 34001/13, 44055/13, and 64586/13, §§ 118-124, 10   March 2015), the Court considers it reasonable to award the sums indicated in the appended table. 14.     The Court considers it appropriate that the default interest rate should be based on the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank, to which should be added three percentage points. FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT, UNANIMOUSLY, 1.     Decides to join the applications;   2.     Declares the applications admissible;   3.     Holds that these applications disclose a breach of Articles   3 and 13 of the Convention concerning the inadequate conditions of detention and the lack of an effective remedy;   4.     Holds (a)     that the respondent State is to pay the applicants, within three months, the amounts indicated in the appended table, to be converted into the currency of the respondent State at the rate applicable at the date of settlement; (b)     that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amounts at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points. Done in English, and notified in writing on 7 January 2016, pursuant to Rule   77   §§   2 and 3 of the Rules of Court.   Hasan Bakırcı   Vincent A. De Gaetano   Acting Deputy Registrar   President     APPENDIX List of applications raising complaints under Articles 3 and 13 of the Convention (inadequate conditions of detention and lack of any effective remedy in domestic law) No. Application no. Date of introduction Applicant name Date of birth   Representative name and location Facility Start and end date Duration Sq. m. per inmate Specific grievances Amount awarded for non-pecuniary damage and costs and expenses per applicant (in euros) [i] Amount awarded for costs and expenses per application (in euros) [ii]     65853/13 10/10/2013 Viktor TAMÁSI 09/03/1980 Karsai Dániel András Budapest Budapest Correctional Facility, Block III. ("Maglódi/Venyige") 30/04/2010 to 13/01/2011 0 year(s) and 9 month(s)   Budapest Prison 13/01/2011 pending 4 year(s) and 10 month(s)   3.75 m²             2.8 m²     shower only once a week, infestation of the cell with insects         shower only once a week, toilet not separated from the rest of the cell, infestation of the cell with insects   18,800 300     66364/13 15/10/2013 Gergely HORVÁTH 13/01/1975 Karsai Dániel András Budapest Budapest Correctional Facility 23/10/2010 to 19/09/2011 0 year(s) and 11 month(s)   Budapest Prison 19/09/2011 to 19/04/2013 1 year(s) and 8 month(s)   3 m²           3.1 m²     toilet not separated from the rest of the cell, shower only once a week, infestation of the cell with insects   shower only once a week, toilet not separated from the rest of the cell, lack of (adequate) heating, lack of requisite medical assistance     9,800 300     67136/13 17/10/2013 József SZABÓ 01/10/1966 Turán Tünde Budapest Budapest Prison 23/05/2011 to 31/05/2012 1 year(s) and 1 month(s)       Budapest Prison 01/06/2012 to 30/07/2014 2 year(s) and 2 month(s)     Budapest Prison 30/07/2014 to 20/09/2014 0 year(s) and 2 month(s)   3 m²             2.7 m²           3.4 m²     toilet not separated from the rest of the cell           toilet not separated from the rest of the cell, infestation of the cell with insects, only cold water in cell   infestation of the cell with insects, only cold water in cell   12,300 300     67607/13 14/10/2013 Attila MOLNÁR 29/05/1978     Szeged Prison 23/05/2011 to 12/11/2013 2 year(s) and 6 month(s)   Márianosztra Prison 12/11/2013 to 01/07/2014 0 year(s) and 8 month(s)   Szeged Prison 01/07/2014 pending 1 year(s) and 4 month(s)   3 m²         2 m²         3.75 m²     toilet not separated from the rest of the cell, only cold water in cell               toilet not separated from the rest of the cell, only cold water in cell, infestation of the cell with insects   15,500       69003/13 21/10/2013 Péter Gyula KÁLMÁN 30/06/1972 Gulyás Gábor Budapest Budapest Prison 16/02/2012 to 01/06/2012 0 year(s) and 4 month(s)   Budapest Prison 01/06/2012 to 05/01/2015 2 year(s) and 8 month(s) 2.6 m²         3.4 m²     infestation of the cell with insects       toilet not separated from the rest of the cell, infestation of the cell with insects 11,000 300     71318/13 07/11/2013 Zsolt BÓNYAI 31/05/1979 Karsai Dániel András Budapest Budaörs Police Station 25/05/1998 to 12/11/1998 0 year(s) and 6 month(s)   Budapest Correctional Facility, Block II. ("Gyorskocsi") 12/11/1998 to 01/11/1999 1 year(s)   Budapest Prison, Block "A" 01/11/1999 to 16/11/2000 1 year(s) and 1 month(s)   Szeged Prison 17/12/2001 to 28/10/2002 0 year(s) and 11 month(s)   Budapest Prison 28/10/2002 to 19/09/2013 10 year(s) and 11 month(s)   2.6 m²         2.6 m²             2.9 m²           2.8 m²         2.6 m²     shower only once a week         shower only once a week             shower only once a week, toilet not separated from the rest of the cell       toilet not separated from the rest of the cell, shower only once a week     shower only once a week, toilet not separated from the rest of the cell   26,000 300     71359/13 12/11/2013 István FEKETE 24/04/1987     Szeged Prison 18/12/2012 pending 2 year(s) and 11 month(s)   1.6 m²     toilet not separated from the rest of the cell, infestation of the cell with insects   10,800       71523/13 30/10/2013 Imre BALOGH 08/01/1958 Sánta Szabolcs Budapest Bács-Kiskun County Prison 14/11/2012 to 17/06/2013 0 year(s) and 8 month(s)   Bács-Kiskun County Prison 26/06/2013 to 30/07/2013 0 year(s) and 2 month(s)   Bács-Kiskun County Prison 06/08/2013 to 21/08/2013 0 year(s) and 1 month(s)   2.3 m²           2.6 m²           2.6 m²     toilet not separated from the rest of the cell, infestation of the cell with insects     infestation of the cell with insects         infestation of the cell with insects   5,000 300     72597/13 13/11/2013 Károly NAGY 17/03/1969     Budapest Prison 25/12/2009 pending 5 year(s) and 11 month(s)   3 m²     toilet not separated from the rest of the cell   19,800     79737/13 12/12/2013 Rezső József MIHALOVICS 12/07/1952     Budapest Prison 27/06/2012 to 22/06/2014 2 year(s)   2.9 m²     toilet not separated from the rest of the cell, infestation of the cell with insects   8,000       [i] Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants. [ii] Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants.