CEDH · CASELAW;JUDGMENTS;COMMITTEE;ENG — 3 mai 2018

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ROMANIA   (Application nos. 18270/14 and 18 others – see appended list )                             JUDGMENT       STRASBOURG   3 May 2018       This judgment is final but it may be subject to editorial revision. In the case of Marinaș and Others v. Romania, The European Court of Human Rights (Fourth Section), sitting as a Committee composed of:   Vincent A. De Gaetano, President,   Georges Ravarani,   Marko Bošnjak, judges, and Liv Tigerstedt Acting Deputy Section Registrar, Having deliberated in private on 12 April 2018, Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date: PROCEDURE 1.     The case originated in applications against Romania lodged with the Court under Article 34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) on the various dates indicated in the appended table. 2.     The applications were communicated to the Romanian Government (“the Government”). THE FACTS 3.     The list of applicants and the relevant details of the applications are set out in the appended table. 4.     The applicants complained of the inadequate conditions of their detention. Some applicants also raised other complaints under the provisions of the Convention. THE LAW I.     JOINDER OF THE APPLICATIONS 5.     Having regard to the similar subject matter of the applications, the Court finds it appropriate to examine them jointly in a single judgment. II.     ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLE   3 OF THE CONVENTION 6.     The applicants complained principally of the inadequate conditions of their detention. They relied on Article 3 of the Convention, which reads as follows: Article 3 “No one shall be subjected to torture or to inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.” 7.     In application no. 18270/14 the Government raised a preliminary objection of failure to comply with the six-month time-limit claiming that the part of the applicant’s complaint concerning transport conditions between prisons or between prisons and the domestic courts’ premises had been lodged out of time. The Court observes that the transfers took place between 1999 and 2010, the complaint having been submitted to the Court more than four years later, on 3 July 2014. This part of the complaint was thus raised more than six months after the relevant events took place. Accordingly, the Courts accepts the Government’s objection in this respect and finds that this part of the application no. 18270/14 has been introduced out of time and must be rejected in accordance with Article 35 §§ 1 and 4 of the Convention. 8.     The Court notes that the applicants were kept in detention in poor conditions. The details of the applicants’ detention are indicated in the appended table. The Court refers to the principles established in its case-law regarding inadequate conditions of detention (see, for instance, Muršić v.   Croatia [GC], no. 7334/13, §§ 96-101, ECHR 2016). It reiterates in particular that a serious lack of space in a prison cell weighs heavily as a factor to be taken into account for the purpose of establishing whether the detention conditions described are “degrading” from the point of view of Article   3 and may disclose a violation, both alone or taken together with other shortcomings (see Muršić , cited above, §§ 122-141, and Ananyev and   Others v. Russia , nos. 42525/07 and 60800/08, §§   149-159, 10   January 2012). 9.     In the leading case of Rezmiveș and Others v. Romania, nos.   61467/12 and 3 others, 25 April 2017, the Court already found a violation in respect of issues similar to those in the present case. 10.     Having examined all the material submitted to it, the Court has not found any fact or argument capable of persuading it to reach a different conclusion on the admissibility and merits of these complaints. Having regard to its case-law on the subject, the Court considers that in the instant case the applicants’ conditions of detention were inadequate. 11.     These complaints are therefore admissible and disclose a breach of Article   3 of the Convention. III.     REMAINING COMPLAINTS 12.     The applicants in applications nos. 72102/14, 31116/15, 34586/15 and 36027/15 also raised other complaints under Article 3 of the Convention. 13.     The Court has examined the applications listed in the appended table and considers that, in the light of all the material in its possession and in so far as the matters complained of are within its competence, these complaints either do not meet the admissibility criteria set out in Articles 34 and 35 of the Convention or do not disclose any appearance of a violation of the rights and freedoms enshrined in the Convention or the Protocols thereto. It follows that this part of the applications must be rejected in accordance with Article 35 § 4 of the Convention. IV.     APPLICATION OF ARTICLE 41 OF THE CONVENTION 14.     Article 41 of the Convention provides: “If the Court finds that there has been a violation of the Convention or the Protocols thereto, and if the internal law of the High Contracting Party concerned allows only partial reparation to be made, the Court shall, if necessary, afford just satisfaction to the injured party.” 15.     Regard being had to the documents in its possession and to its case ‑ law (see, in particular, Rezmiveș and Others v. Romania, nos.   61467/12 and 3 others, 25 April 2017), the Court considers it reasonable to award the sums indicated in the appended table. 16.     The Court considers it appropriate that the default interest rate should be based on the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank, to which should be added three percentage points. FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT, UNANIMOUSLY, 1.     Decides to join the applications;   2.     Declares the complaints concerning the inadequate conditions of detention, as set out in the appended table, admissible   and the remainder of the applications nos.   18270/14, 72102/14, 31116/15, 34586/15 and 36027/15 inadmissible;   3.     Holds that these complaints disclose a breach of Article 3 of the Convention concerning the inadequate conditions of detention;   4.     Holds (a)     that the respondent State is to pay the applicants, within three   months, the amounts indicated in the appended table, to be converted into the currency of the respondent State at the rate applicable at the date of settlement; (b)     that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amounts at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points. Done in English, and notified in writing on 3 May 2018, pursuant to Rule   77   §§   2 and 3 of the Rules of Court.   Liv Tigerstedt   Vincent A. De Gaetano Acting Deputy Registrar   President APPENDIX List of applications raising complaints under Article 3 of the Convention (inadequate conditions of detention) No. Application no. Date of introduction Applicant name Date of birth Representative name and location Facility Start and end date Duration Sq. m. per inmate Specific grievances Amount awarded for pecuniary and non-pecuniary damage and costs and expenses per applicant (in euros) [1]     18270/14 03/07/2014 Ion Marinaș 18/08/1960   Râmnicu Valcea Police Detention Centre 08/10/1999 to 08/11/1999 1 month and 1 day   Penitentiaries of Colibași, Jilava, Mărgineni, Poarta Albă, Gherla, Craiova, and Târgu Jiu 08/11/1999 to 03/02/2015 15 years and 2 months and 27 days         1.43-2.53 m² lack of or insufficient natural light, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities   overcrowding (save for the periods 23/02/2012 – 06/11/2012 and 29/01/2013 – 03/02/2015 while in Târgu Jiu Penitentiary), no or restricted access to shower, no or restricted access to potable water, lack of or insufficient physical exercise in fresh air, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, passive smoking in Jilava Penitentiary, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, poor quality of food, insufficient number of sleeping places (save for Târgu Jiu Penitentiary)   5,000     52489/14 18/08/2014 Mircea Coruțiu 02/12/1986   Timișoara Penitentiary 13/05/2014 to 25/06/2015 1 year and 1 month and 13 days 1.33-2.63 m² Overcrowding (save for the periods 26/05/2014 – 31/05/2014, 18/06/2014 – 22/09/2014, 11/10/2014 – 29/01/2015, 23/03/2015 – 11/05/2015 and 10/02/2015 – 20/02/2015), bunk beds, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, no or restricted access to warm water, lack of fresh air, lack of or insufficient natural light, lack of toiletries, lack or inadequate furniture, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, lack of or insufficient physical exercise in fresh air   3,000     72102/14 27/01/2015 Laurențiu-Eduard Nenciu 25/01/1966     Jilava Penitentiary 01/09/2014 to 09/01/2015 4 months and 9 days 1.86-2.48 m² overcrowding (save for the period between 10/11/2014-16/12/2014) 1,000     73770/14 14/11/2014 Gil Neștian 15/11/1973   Constanța Police Inspectorate, Jilava Penitentiary Hospital, Penitentiaries of Poarta Albă, Jilava, Tulcea, and Slobozia 25/06/1998 to 03/03/2015 16 years and 8 months and 7 days 0.6-2.4 m² overcrowding (save for the periods of 27/02/2014-10/03/2014 in Slobozia Penitentiary and 01/01/2010-05/07/2011 in Poarta Albă Penitentiary), insufficient number of sleeping places, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, no or restricted access to running water, lack of or insufficient electric light, inadequate temperature, mouldy or dirty cell, poor quality of food, lack of privacy for toilet   5,000     76745/14 06/04/2015 Ionel Mitran 07/04/1981   Poarta Alba Penitentiary 23/03/2015 – pending More than 2 years and 11 months and 14 days 1.68-2 m² overcrowding, poor quality of food, mouldy or dirty cell, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, lack of toiletries, inadequate temperature, no or restricted access to shower, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, lack or inadequate furniture, lack of or insufficient natural light   3,000     12853/15 22/08/2015 Florian Vlad 31/07/1962 Irina Maria Peter Bucharest Bucharest Police Inspectorate no. 12, Bucharest Police Inspectorate no. 4, Rahova Penitentiary, Colibași Penitentiary, Târgu Jiu Penitentiary, Jilava Penitentiary 27/11/2009 – pending More than 8 years and 2 months and 14 days 1.01-2.15 m² overcrowding (save for the periods 25/08/2011-08/12/2011, 19/12/2012-14/02/2013 in Colibași Penitentiary), poor quality of food, lack of privacy for toilet, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, lack of or insufficient physical exercise in fresh air, bunk beds, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, poor quality of potable water   5,000     18870/15 30/03/2015 Gabriel Ciacâru 21/09/1954   Mărgineni Penitentiary, Rahova Penitentiary, Jilava Penitentiary and Găești Penitentiary 13/04/2012 to 30/09/2014 2 years and 5 months and 18 days 1.83-2.63 m² overcrowding (only in Rahova, save for the period 08/05/2012-18/05/2012, and in Jilava for the period 17/02/2014 -01/04/2014), inadequate temperature, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, lack of or insufficient physical exercise in fresh air, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, lack of toiletries, lack or inadequate furniture, bunk beds, poor quality of food, mouldy or dirty cell, poor quality of potable water in Jilava Penitentiary   3,000     31116/15 02/11/2015 Gheorghe Pitică 20/04/1983   Aiud Penitentiary 15/10/2010 to 01/11/2016 6 years and 18 days 1.25-2.95 m² overcrowding (save for the periods 05/01/2011 – 19/03/2011, 07/05/2011 – 21/02/2013, 08/03/2013 - 23/03/2015, 10/04/2015 – 02/06/2015, 18/06/2015 – 26/09/2015 and from 16/10/2015 onwards), infestation of cell with insects/rodents, lack of or insufficient natural light, mouldy or dirty cell   5,000     31993/15 19/08/2015 Ioan Alin Bugeag 15/05/1988   Timișoara Penitentiary 26/03/2015 – pending More than 2 years and 10 months and 21 days 1.65-1.68 m² overcrowding, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, lack of or insufficient physical exercise in fresh air, lack or inadequate furniture, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen   3,000   32009/15 28/08/2015 Sebastian Popa 12/10/1990   Codlea Penitentiary 19/03/2015 – pending More than 2 years and 10 months and 22 days 1.72-1.91 m² Overcrowding, poor quality of food, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, lack of or insufficient physical exercise in fresh air, lack of or insufficient natural light, lack of fresh air   3,000   34586/15 24/08/2015 Gheorghe Lăcătuș 11/06/1965   Baia Mare Police Inspectorate and Gherla Penitentiary 15/05/2014 – pending More than 3 years and 8 months and 26 days 1.92-2.72 m² Overcrowding (save for the period 15/05/2014 – 12/06/2014 in Baia Mare Police Inspectorate), lack of fresh air, poor quality of food   3,000   36027/15 17/08/2015 Marian Ciotea 03/03/1982   Jilava Penitentiary Hospital 23/05/2014 to 21/12/2016 2 years and 6 months and 29 days 3.16-25.01 m² inadequate temperature, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, lack of privacy for toilet, poor quality of potable water, lack or inadequate furniture, lack of toiletries, no or restricted access to shower, no or restricted access to running water   3,000   36032/15 10/08/2015 Costică Onicel 13/06/1977   Miercurea Ciuc Penitentiary 26/02/2015 to 29/12/2015 10 months and 4 days 1.48-2.75 m² Overcrowding, poor quality of food, bunk beds, lack of fresh air, lack of or insufficient natural light, no or restricted access to warm water, lack of or insufficient physical exercise in fresh air, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, lack of toiletries, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, lack of or insufficient electric light       1,000   36067/15 10/08/2015 Adrian-Dorin Stroe 20/10/1982   Miercurea Ciuc Penitentiary 06/03/2014 to 24/12/2015 1 year and 9 months and 19 days 1.48-2 m² Overcrowding, poor quality of food, bunk beds, lack of fresh air, lack of or insufficient natural light, no or restricted access to warm water, lack of or insufficient physical exercise in fresh air, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, lack of toiletries   3,000   36127/15 19/08/2015 Vasile Călin 06/10/1956 Julieta Toflea Călin Focșani Penitentiary 07/03/2013 – pending More than 5 years and 2 days 1.27-1.77 m² overcrowding, poor quality of food, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities   5,000   39102/15 25/08/2015 Florin Ali 26/05/1978   Giurgiu Police Inspectorate 30/05/2006 to 21/06/2006 23 days     Giurgiu Penitentiary 21/06/2006 to 01/10/2006 3 months and 11 days   27/02/2007 to 01/10/2014 7 years and 7 months and 5 days   Jilava Penitentiary 01/10/2006 to 27/02/2007 4 months and 27 days   01/10/2014 – pending More than 3 years and 4 months and 9 days 3.64 m²         3.76 m²             1.65-2.71 m² poor quality of food, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, no or restricted access to warm water, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities   poor quality of food, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, inadequate temperature, no or restricted access to warm water       overcrowding, poor quality of food, inadequate temperature, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, no or restricted access to warm water, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, poor quality of potable water, bunk beds, infestation of cell with insects/rodents   5,000   39195/15 28/08/2015 Ionuț-Daniel Anton 28/08/1985   Rahova Penitentiary 28/05/2015 to 12/02/2016 8 months and 16 days 1.93-2.78 m² overcrowding, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, no or restricted access to potable water, lack or inadequate furniture   1,000   40083/15 31/08/2015 Gheorghe-Cătălin Cheroiu 08/04/1979   Colibași Penitentiary 14/10/2014 to 23/12/2015 1 year and 2 months and 10 days 1.67-2.69 m² overcrowding (save for the period 22/05/2015-04/06/2015), lack of or insufficient natural light, lack of or insufficient electric light, lack of fresh air, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities   3,000   40247/15 07/08/2015 Dănuț Tudor 08/09/1972 Cătălina Florescu Bucharest Giurgiu Penitentiary 24/10/2014 to 20/07/2015 8 months and 27 days 3.31-4.66 m² poor quality of food, no or restricted access to potable water, infestation of cell with insects/rodents   1,000   [1] Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants.