CEDH · CASELAW;JUDGMENTS;COMMITTEE;ENG — 14 juin 2018

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ROMANIA (Applications nos. 7448/16 and 14 others - see appended list )               JUDGMENT     STRASBOURG   14 June 2018             This judgment is final but it may be subject to editorial revision.   In the case of Lae and Others v. Romania, The European Court of Human Rights (Fourth Section), sitting as a Committee composed of:   Vincent A. De Gaetano, President,   Georges Ravarani,   Marko Bošnjak, judges, and Liv Tigerstedtm Acting Deputy Section Registrar, Having deliberated in private on 24 May 2018, Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date: PROCEDURE 1.     The case originated in applications against Romania lodged with the Court under Article   34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) on the various dates indicated in the appended table. 2.   The applications were communicated to the Romanian Government (“the Government”). THE FACTS 3.     The list of applicants and the relevant details of the applications are set out in the appended table. 4.     The applicants complained of the inadequate conditions of their detention. THE LAW I.     JOINDER OF THE APPLICATIONS 5.     Having regard to the similar subject matter of the applications, the Court finds it appropriate to examine them jointly in a single judgment. II.     ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLE   3 OF THE CONVENTION 6.     The applicants complained of the inadequate conditions of their detention. They relied on Article 3 of the Convention, which reads as follows: Article 3 “No one shall be subjected to torture or to inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.” 7.     In application no. 28362/16, the Government raised a preliminary objection of non-compliance with the six-month time-limit, claiming that the applicant’s complaint regarding his initial detention was lodged out of time. 8.     The Court observes that the applicant’s complaint regarding his initial detention in Iaşi County Police Arrest and in Poarta Albă Prison respectively, ceased on 14 November 2011 by his transfer to other prison facilities in respect of which he did not raise any complaint. Indeed, by letter of 1 March 2018, the applicant informed the Court that from 18 February 2010 to 12 February 2015, he was detained in nine different prison facilities. The Court further notes that the application was lodged with the Court on 6 September 2016, that is, more than six months later. 9.     Therefore, the Court accepts the Government’s objection and finds that this part of the application was lodged outside the six-month time-limit and must be rejected in accordance with Article 35 §§ 1 and 4 of the Convention. 10.     The Court notes that the applicants were kept in detention in poor conditions. The details of the applicants’ detention are indicated in the appended table. The Court refers to the principles established in its case ‑ law regarding inadequate conditions of detention (see, for instance, Muršić v.   Croatia [GC], no.   7334/13, §§   96 ‑ 101, ECHR 2016). It reiterates in particular that a serious lack of space in a prison cell weighs heavily as a factor to be taken into account for the purpose of establishing whether the detention conditions described are “degrading” from the point of view of Article   3 and may disclose a violation, both alone or taken together with other shortcomings (see Muršić , cited above, §§   122   ‑ 141, and Ananyev and Others v. Russia , nos.   42525/07 and 60800/08, §§   149 ‑ 159, 10   January 2012). 11.     In the leading case of Rezmiveș and Others v. Romania, nos.   61467/12 and 3 others, 25 April 2017, the Court already found a violation in respect of issues similar to those in the present case. 12.     Having examined all the material submitted to it, as well as the Government’s objection concerning the application of the six-month rule to the continuous situation of the applicants’ conditions of detention in the applications nos. 14726/16, 14898/16, 38846/16, 43750/16, the Court has not found any fact or argument capable of persuading it to reach a different conclusion on the admissibility and merits of these complaints. Having regard to its case-law on the subject, the Court considers that in the instant case the applicants’ conditions of detention were inadequate. 13.     These complaints are therefore admissible and disclose a breach of Article 3 of the Convention. III.     APPLICATION OF ARTICLE   41 OF THE CONVENTION 14.     Article   41 of the Convention provides: “If the Court finds that there has been a violation of the Convention or the Protocols thereto, and if the internal law of the High Contracting Party concerned allows only partial reparation to be made, the Court shall, if necessary, afford just satisfaction to the injured party.” 15.     Regard being had to the documents in its possession and to its case ‑ law (see, in particular, Rezmiveș and Others v. Romania, nos. 61467/12 and 3 others, 25 April 2017), the Court considers it reasonable to award the sums indicated in the appended table. 16.     The Court considers it appropriate that the default interest rate should be based on the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank, to which should be added three percentage points. FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT, UNANIMOUSLY, 1.     Decides to join the applications;   2.     Declares the complaints concerning the inadequate conditions of detention, as set out in the appended table, admissible and the remainder of the application no. 28362/16 inadmissible;   3.     Holds that these applications disclose a breach of Article   3 of the Convention concerning the inadequate conditions of detention;   4.     Holds (a)     that the respondent State is to pay the applicants, within three months, the amounts indicated in the appended table, to be converted into the currency of the respondent State at the rate applicable at the date of settlement; (b)     that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amounts at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points. Done in English, and notified in writing on 14 June 2018, pursuant to Rule   77   §§   2 and   3 of the Rules of Court.   Liv Tigerstedt   Vincent A. De Gaetano Acting Deputy Registrar   President   APPENDIX List of applications raising complaints under Article 3 of the Convention (inadequate conditions of detention) No. Application no. Date of introduction Applicant name Date of birth Representative name and location Facility Start and end date Duration Sq. m. per inmate Specific grievances Amount awarded for pecuniary and non-pecuniary damage and costs and expenses per applicant (in euros) [1]     7448/16 21/07/2016 Gheorghe Lae 09/04/1974     Mărgineni Prison 04/06/2015 pending More than 2 years and 10 months and 24 days 1.47-1.57 m² overcrowding, poor quality of food, insufficient out-of-cell time and space, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, no or restricted access to warm water 3,000     14726/16 24/06/2016 Ion Şoma 09/06/1960     Caraş-Severin County Police Arrest 21/11/2014 to 20/05/2015 6 months   Timişoara Prison 20/05/2015 to 01/10/2015 4 months and 12 days       Arad Prison 01/10/2015 pending More than 2 years and 6 months and 26 days 4.83-5.26 m²           2.67 m²             4.35-5.80 m² small courtyard, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, lack of fresh air, poor quality of food, poor quality of toiletries, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen     overcrowding (save for the period of 28/07/2015-01/10/2015), infestation of cell with insects/rodents, no or restricted access to warm water, lack of fresh air, poor quality of food, poor quality of toiletries, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, small courtyard   infestation of cell with insects/rodents, no or restricted access to warm water, lack of fresh air, poor quality of food, poor quality of toiletries, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen     3,000     14898/16 11/04/2016 Constantin Nicula 17/10/1968     Gherla Prison 23/04/2010 pending More than 8 years and 6 days 1.61-2.91 m² overcrowding (save for the period of 28/03/2013-03/12/2013), poor quality of food, passive smoking, no or restricted access to shower 5,000     16170/16 28/06/2016 Maricel-Relu Iancu 10/04/1984     Galaţi Prison 07/10/2013 pending More than 4 years and 6 months and 20 days 1.6-1.84 m² overcrowding, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, no or restricted access to warm water, lack of or insufficient natural light, lack of fresh air, lack or inadequate furniture, no or restricted access to running water 3,000     16200/16 08/06/2016 József Károly 12/03/1971     Bucharest Police Section no. 6, Jilava Prison Hospital, Jilava Prison, Gherla Prison 20/10/2003 to 07/12/2016 13 years and 1 month and 18 days 2.19 - 2.9 m² overcrowding (save for the period of 07/11/2016-07/12/2016), poor quality of food, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, no or restricted access to running water in Bucharest Police Section no. 6, lack or inadequate furniture, inadequate courtyards 5,000     28362/16 06/09/2016 Dan Riscu 11/11/1971     Poarta Albă Prison 12/02/2015 pending More than 3 years and 2 months and 14 days 1.65-2.29 m² overcrowding, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities 3,000     33673/16 11/07/2016 Flavian-Florin Feraru 25/09/1988     Iaşi Prison, Galaţi Prison, Vaslui Prison 27/07/2011 pending More than 6 years and 9 months and 2 days 1.2 - 2.66 m² overcrowding (save for the period of 11/10/2016-06/12/2016), lack of or insufficient natural light, lack of fresh air, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities 5,000     38834/16 09/08/2016 Ilie Şamu 24/05/1986 Irina Maria Peter Bucharest Alba County Police Arrest 21/01/2015 to 25/02/2015 1 month and 5 days   Aiud Prison 25/02/2015 pending More than 3 years and 2 months and 1 day 4.48-4.75 m²           1.67-2.73 m² lack of fresh air, poor quality of food, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, lack of or insufficient natural light, lack or inadequate furniture, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, inadequate temperature     overcrowding (save for the periods of 14/05/2015-22/06/2015, 16/07/2015-19/08/2015, 16/10/2015-18/01/2016, 21/01/2016-26/01/2016, 03/05/2016-04/05/2016), lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, lack of privacy for toilet, lack of fresh air, lack of or insufficient natural light, poor quality of food, lack or inadequate furniture, infestation of cell with insects/rodents 3,000     38846/16 28/07/2016 Samir Curt 26/01/1989 Irina Maria Peter Bucharest Bucharest Central Arrest, Rahova Prison 04/09/2015 pending More than 2 years and 7 months and 23 days     1.96-2.45 m² overcrowding (save for the period of 17/11/2015-28/07/2016), lack of fresh air, poor quality of food, small courtyard, insufficient hygienic facilities, lack of privacy for toilet in Bucharest Central Arrest, lack of or insufficient natural light, lack or inadequate furniture, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, inadequate temperature 3,000   40581/16 11/08/2016 Cezar Gheorghe 31/07/1961 Irina Maria Peter Bucharest Bucharest Central Arrest, Rahova Prison 08/05/2015 pending More than 2 years and 11 months and 20 days 2.04-2.44 m² overcrowding (save for the period of 24/11/2015-16/02/2016), poor quality of food, small courtyards, insufficient hygienic facilities, lack of privacy for toilet in Bucharest Central Arrest, lack or inadequate furniture, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, inadequate temperature 3,000   43750/16 29/08/2016 Sorin Marian 09/12/1976 Irina Maria Peter Bucharest Sibiu County Police Arrest, Rahova Prison, Aiud Prison 14/03/2011 pending More than 7 years and 1 month and 15 days 1.44-2.80 m² overcrowding (save for the periods of 14/03/2011-30/05/2011, 28/09/2011-23/02/2012, 04/07/2012-02/08/2012, 15/01/2015-30/01/2015, 10/02/2015-19/02/2015, 11/05/2015-12/05/2015, 24/06/2015-03/07/2015), lack of fresh air, poor quality of food, small courtyards, insufficient hygienic facilities, lack of privacy for toilet in Sibiu County Police Arrest, lack of or insufficient natural light, lack or inadequate furniture, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, inadequate temperature 5,000   44466/16 26/07/2016 Cezar Stănescu 02/09/1978 Ionela Mărgărit Bucharest Brăila Prison 07/11/2014 pending More than 3 years and 5 months and 20 days 1.66-2.52 m² overcrowding (save for the periods of 30/09/2015-05/10/2015 and 01/03/2016-23/03/2016), poor quality of food, small courtyard, insufficient hygienic facilities, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, no or restricted access to running water, lack or inadequate furniture, lack of or insufficient natural light, lack of fresh air 3,000   46293/16 23/08/2016 Costică Caraiman 12/08/1957     Bacău County Police Arrest, Bacău Prison, Iaşi Prison, Vaslui Prison 15/05/2014 pending More than 3 years and 11 months and 13 days 1.3-2.60 m² overcrowding (save for the periods of 15/05/2014-30/07/2014, 18/08/2016-22/09/2016), infestation of cell with insects/rodents, mouldy or dirty cell 3,000   48282/16 08/09/2016 Petru Filimon 23/11/1989     Baia Mare Prison, Gherla Prison 29/06/2016 pending More than 1 year and 9 months and 28 days 2.18 - 2.3 m²     overcrowding (save for the period of 29/06/2016-30/06/2016), poor quality of food   3,000   49508/16 11/08/2016 Georgel Bercu 30/09/1979 Ionela Mărgărit Bucharest Galaţi Prison, Brăila Prison         Rahova Prison   11/12/2009 pending More than 8 years and 4 months and 17 days 1.28-1.8 m²           2.04 m² overcrowding, poor quality of food, small courtyards, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, no or restricted access to running water, lack or inadequate furniture, lack of or insufficient natural light, lack of fresh air   overcrowding (save for the period of 07/04/2011-11/04/2011) 5,000   [1] Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants.