CEDH · CASELAW;JUDGMENTS;COMMITTEE;ENG — 29 avril 2021

.s800EAC49 { font-size:12pt } .sFE10DC93 { margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:center } .sBB9EE52A { font-family:Arial } .s339D85E6 { margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:14pt; text-align:center; page-break-inside:avoid; page-break-after:avoid } .s665E407E { margin-top:66pt; margin-bottom:14pt; text-align:center; page-break-inside:avoid; page-break-after:avoid } .s29100277 { font-family:Arial; font-weight:bold } .s34DFC730 { margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:center; page-break-inside:avoid; page-break-after:avoid } .sA36B60A1 { font-family:Arial; font-style:italic } .s32563E28 { margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt } .s82B4DA5F { page-break-before:right; clear:both; mso-break-type:section-break } .s9793A85B { margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:14.2pt } .s10950C61 { margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:14.2pt; text-align:justify } .sB9D5CABB { width:28.35pt; display:inline-block } .s3AAE10DF { margin-top:14pt; margin-bottom:12pt; text-align:justify; page-break-inside:avoid; page-break-after:avoid; font-size:14pt } .s3CA22BA { font-family:Arial; text-transform:uppercase } .s58699FB5 { margin-top:14pt; margin-bottom:12pt; page-break-inside:avoid; page-break-after:avoid; font-size:14pt } .s6B505E72 { margin:0pt; padding-left:0pt } .s29A3AC47 { margin-left:11.67pt; margin-bottom:12pt; page-break-inside:avoid; page-break-after:avoid; padding-left:6.18pt; font-family:Arial; text-transform:uppercase } .sCD7D0356 { margin-top:14pt; margin-left:15pt; margin-bottom:12pt; text-align:justify; page-break-inside:avoid; page-break-after:avoid; padding-left:4.85pt; font-family:Arial; text-transform:uppercase } .s99FFA883 { margin-top:14pt; margin-bottom:6pt; text-align:center; page-break-inside:avoid; page-break-after:avoid; font-size:10pt } .sD0489F03 { margin-top:6pt; margin-left:21.25pt; margin-bottom:6pt; text-indent:7.1pt; text-align:justify; page-break-inside:avoid; page-break-after:avoid; font-size:10pt } .s3A692EA6 { margin-top:14pt; margin-bottom:6pt; text-align:center; page-break-after:avoid; font-size:10pt } .s9D48DD53 { margin-top:6pt; margin-left:21.25pt; margin-bottom:6pt; text-indent:7.1pt; text-align:justify; font-size:10pt } .s9A177BD5 { margin-top:14pt; margin-left:17.85pt; margin-bottom:12pt; page-break-inside:avoid; page-break-after:avoid; font-family:Arial; text-transform:uppercase } .sD58C010 { margin-top:14pt; margin-left:15.01pt; margin-bottom:3pt; text-align:justify; page-break-inside:avoid; page-break-after:avoid; padding-left:1.99pt; font-family:Arial } .sFBC99493 { font-style:italic } .sD11CFAB7 { margin-top:14pt; margin-left:15.01pt; margin-bottom:3pt; text-align:justify; padding-left:1.99pt; font-family:Arial } .s2D9C6089 { margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:12pt; text-indent:14.2pt; text-align:justify; page-break-inside:avoid; page-break-after:avoid } .s69DCC830 { margin-top:36pt; margin-bottom:0pt } .s867F9C1B { width:175.28pt; display:inline-block } .s5B081A9D { width:168.28pt; display:inline-block } .s4ACA9207 { page-break-before:always; clear:both; mso-break-type:section-break } .s5E1364CA { margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:12pt; text-align:center; page-break-inside:avoid; page-break-after:avoid; font-size:14pt } .sCC22C24E { font-family:Arial; color:#3e3e3e } .s6DB91820 { text-align:center } .s8BB62139 { margin-right:auto; margin-left:auto; border-collapse:collapse } .s3695F815 { border:0.75pt solid #949494; padding:1.02pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:top; background-color:#dfdfdf } .sDF237D91 { margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:center; font-size:8pt } .sEECE831 { font-family:Arial; font-weight:bold; color:#474747 } .sE8934522 { border:0.75pt solid #949494; padding:1.02pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:top } .s4F2ADFDB { text-align:center; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; list-style-position:inside } .sBB6163A7 { width:2.48pt; font:7pt 'Times New Roman'; display:inline-block }       THIRD SECTION CASE OF ZOKIROV AND OTHERS v. RUSSIA (Applications nos. 3494/17 and 24 others – see appended list)             JUDGMENT         STRASBOURG 29 April 2021 This judgment is final but it may be subject to editorial revision. In the case of Zokirov and Others v. Russia, The European Court of Human Rights (Third Section), sitting as a Committee composed of:   Darian Pavli, President,   Dmitry Dedov,   Peeter Roosma, judges, and Viktoriya Maradudina, Acting Deputy Section Registrar, Having deliberated in private on 8 April 2021, Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date: PROCEDURE 1.     The case originated in applications against Russia lodged with the Court under Article   34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) on the various dates indicated in the appended table. 2.     The Russian Government (“the Government”) were given notice of the applications. THE FACTS 3.     The list of applicants and the relevant details of the applications are set out in the appended table. 4.     The applicants complained of having been subjected to permanent video surveillance in pre-trial or post-conviction detention facilities and about unavailability of an effective domestic remedy in this respect. THE LAW JOINDER OF THE APPLICATIONS 5.     Having regard to the similar subject matter of the applications, the Court finds it appropriate to examine them jointly in a single judgment. ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLES 8 AND 13 of the Convention 6.     The applicants complained about detention under permanent video surveillance in pre-trial or post-conviction detention facilities and about the lack of an effective remedy in that respect. They relied on Articles 8 and   13 of the Convention, which read, in so far as relevant, as follows: Article 8 “1.     Everyone has the right to respect for his private ... life ... . 2.     There shall be no interference by a public authority with the exercise of this right except such as is in accordance with the law and is necessary in a democratic society in the interests of national security, public safety or the economic well-being of the country, for the prevention of disorder or crime, for the protection of health or morals, or for the protection of the rights and freedoms of others.” Article 13 “Everyone whose rights and freedoms as set forth in [the] Convention are violated shall have an effective remedy before a national authority notwithstanding that the violation has been committed by persons acting in an official capacity.” 7.     The Court has already established, in an earlier case against Russia, that the national legal framework governing the placement of detainees under permanent video surveillance in penal institutions falls short of the standards set out in Article   8 of the Convention (see Gorlov and Others v.   Russia (nos. 27057/06 and 2 others, 2 July 2019). In Gorlov and Others , the Court summed up the general principles concerning the detainees’ right to respect for private life reiterating that placing a person under permanent video surveillance whilst in detention was to be regarded as a serious interference with the individual’s right to respect for his or her privacy (ibid., §§   81-82). It has further concluded that the national law (1) cannot be regarded as being sufficiently clear, precise or detailed to have afforded appropriate protection against arbitrary interference by the authorities with the detainees’ right to respect of their private life (ibid., §§   97-98) and (2) does not presuppose any balancing exercise or enable an individual to obtain a judicial review of the proportionality of his or her placement under permanent video surveillance to the vested interests in securing his or her privacy (ibid., §   108). 8.     Having examined all the material submitted to it, the Court has not found any fact or argument capable of persuading it to reach a different conclusion on the admissibility and merits of these complaints. It considers, regard being had to the case-law cited above, that in the instant case the placement of the applicants under permanent video surveillance when confined to their cells in pre-trial and post-conviction detention facilities was not “in accordance with law” and that they did not have at their disposal an effective remedy for their complaints in that respect. 9.     These complaints are therefore admissible and disclose a breach of Articles   8 and 13 of the Convention. REMAINING COMPLAINTS 10.     In application no. 19886/19, the applicant also raised complaints under Articles   3 and 13 of the Convention about conditions of his detention in a correctional colony. 11.     The Court has examined the application and considers that, in the light of all the material in its possession and in so far as the matters complained of are within its competence, these complaints either do not meet the admissibility criteria set out in Articles   34 and   35 of the Convention or do not disclose any appearance of a violation of the rights and freedoms enshrined in the Convention or the Protocols thereto. It follows that this part of the applications must be rejected in accordance with Article   35   §   4 of the Convention. APPLICATION OF ARTICLE   41 OF THE CONVENTION 12.     Article 41 of the Convention provides: “If the Court finds that there has been a violation of the Convention or the Protocols thereto, and if the internal law of the High Contracting Party concerned allows only partial reparation to be made, the Court shall, if necessary, afford just satisfaction to the injured party.” 13.     Regard being had to the documents in its possession and to its case ‑ law (see, in particular, Gorlov and Others , cited above, with further references, §   120, which imposed on the respondent State a legal obligation, under Article   46 of the Convention, to implement, under the supervision of the Committee of Ministers, such measures as they consider appropriate to secure the right of the applicants and other persons in their position to respect of their private life), the Court considers that the finding of a violation constitutes a sufficient just satisfaction in the present case. FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT, UNANIMOUSLY, Decides to join the applications; Declares the complaints concerning the permanent video surveillance in the applicants’ cells during their detention in pre-trial and post-conviction facilities and the lack of an effective remedy in that respect admissible, and the remainder of application no.   19886/19 inadmissible; Holds that these complaints disclose a breach of Articles 8 and 13 of the Convention; Holds that the finding of a violation constitutes in itself sufficient just satisfaction. Done in English, and notified in writing on 29 April 2021, pursuant to Rule   77   §§   2 and   3 of the Rules of Court. Viktoriya Maradudina   Darian Pavli Acting Deputy Registrar   President     APPENDIX List of applications raising complaints under Articles 8 and 13 of the Convention (permanent video surveillance of detainees in pre-trial or post-conviction detention facilities and lack of an effective remedy in that respect) No. Application no. Date of introduction Applicant’s name Year of birth   Representative’s name and location Detention facility Period of detention Specific circumstances     3494/17 25/11/2016 Rustam Shamsidinovich ZOKIROV 1977 Gavrilitsa Irina Aleksandrovna Krasnoyarsk IK-17 Krasnoyarsk Region 04/03/2010 - 19/07/2016 surveillance by female operators     33666/17 29/09/2017 Aleksandr Viktorovich YURCHENKO 1969     IK-34 OIK-36 Krasnoyarsk Region 1/06/2015 - pending opposite-sex operators     73556/17 01/10/2017 Vadim Viktorovich KOTOV 1977 Golub Olga Viktorovna Suzemka IK-1 Bryansk Region 14/10/2015 - 12/07/2017 opposite-sex operators, video surveillance in a lavatory and/or shower room     491/18 20/12/2017 Sergey Aleksandrovich BENEDYCHUK 1962     IK-17 Krasnoyarsk Region,   LIU-37 Krasnoyarsk Region,   LIU-32 Krasnoyarsk Region 17/10/2013 - 20/06/2017 detention in different cells with video surveillance, video surveillance in a lavatory and/or shower room     4915/18 28/12/2017 Mikhail Andreyevich POPOV 1987     IK-42 Krasnoyarsk Region 29/11/2016 - 02/08/2017 opposite-sex operators, video surveillance in a lavatory and/or shower room, detention in different cells with video surveillance     14240/18 13/03/2018 Bulat Insanbekovich TATAYEV 1974     IK-17 Krasnoyarsk Region 07/11/2016 - 27/09/2017 opposite-sex operators     16198/18 17/03/2018 Stanislav Vasilyevich CHERNOV 1984     IK-17 and IK-15 Krasnoyarsk Region 06/03/2012 - 18/09/2017 opposite-sex operators     17877/18 28/03/2018 Ivan Anatolyevich ALEMPIADIN 1984     Prison no. 2 Krasnoyarsk Region 07/07/2017 - 28/11/2017 opposite-sex operators, detention in different cells with video surveillance     30314/18 07/06/2018 Pavel Leonidovich GONCHAROV 1988 Egle Denis Sergeyevich Krasnoyarsk SIZO-1 Chita and PFRSI in IK-5 Chita Zabaykalskiy Region 29/05/2014 - 21/12/2017   31/07/2018 - 22/02/2019 opposite-sex operators, video surveillance in a lavatory and/or shower room   30718/18 18/09/2018 Oleg Timofeyevich LUKYANOV 1965     IK-34 Krasnoyarsk Region 14/02/2013 - 31/08/2018 opposite-sex operators   33974/18 08/02/2018 Maksim Vladimirovich GURYANOV 1986     IK-17 Krasnoyarsk Region 23/10/2008 - 11/08/2017 opposite-sex operators   43162/18 13/08/2018 Nurbiy Skhatbiyevich NAGOYEV 1979     IZ-1 Krasnoyarsk Region,   IK-6 Krasnoyarsk Region 01/12/2006 - 23/11/2018 opposite-sex operators, detention in different cells with video surveillance   50749/18 08/10/2018 Viktor Pavlovich TENYATNIKOV 1965     IZ-5 Krasnoyarsk Region,   IK-6 Krasnoyarsk Region 05/06/2017 - 09/04/2018   09/04/2018 - 26/04/2018 detention in different cells with video surveillance, opposite-sex operators   51976/18 25/01/2019 Andrey Anatolyevich SHESTAKOV 1968     IZ-2 Murmansk Region 27/07/2018 - 10/12/2018 detention in different cells with video surveillance   52014/18 12/10/2018 Vladimir Yuryevich NEMCHENKO 1989     IK-5 Krasnoyarsk Region 16/03/2018 - 16/06/2018 opposite-sex operators, video surveillance in a lavatory and/or shower room   12252/19 28/01/2019 Aleksey Aleksandrovich FEDOTOV 1988     Prison Krasnoyarsk Region 19/05/2016 - pending detention in different cells with video surveillance, opposite-sex operators, video surveillance in a lavatory and/or shower room   13556/19 28/08/2019 Aleksey Vladimirovich PRISHVA 1984     IK-5 Krasnoyarsk Region 15/01/2019 - pending opposite-sex operators   14336/19 15/02/2019 Aleksandr Aleksandrovich KIRYUKHIN 1984     IZ-24/1 Krasnoyarsk Region 11/01/2016 - 05/09/2018 opposite-sex operators, video surveillance in a lavatory and/or shower room   16966/19 12/04/2019 Vladislav Nikolayevich RUZHOVICH 1975     IK-5 Krasnoyarsk Region brigade no. 7, IK-5 Krasnoyarsk Region assembly cell and cell no. 9 SHIZO 18/01/2019 - pending opposite-sex operators, video surveillance in a lavatory and/or shower room   19886/19 25/10/2017 Vyacheslav Anatolyevich CHERNYAYEV 1966     IK-34 Krasnoyarsk Region 14/02/2013 - 09/08/2017 opposite-sex operators   37974/19 13/09/2019 Sergey Sergeyevich KHUSAINOV 1998     IK-31 Krasnoyarsk Region,   IK-43 Krasnoyarsk Region 28/03/2019 - 28/09/2019 video surveillance in a lavatory and/or shower room, opposite-sex operators, detention in different cells with video surveillance   38535/19 19/06/2019 Vladimir Mikhaylovich MARKIN 1972     OIK-40 KP-39 Krasnoyarsk Region 08/06/2018 - 26/02/2019 detention in different cells with video surveillance, video surveillance in a lavatory and/or shower room, opposite-sex operators   2084/20 15/12/2019 Eduard Petrovich PYATKEVICH 1972     Settlement colony no. 6 Adygeya Republic 25/10/2018 - 06/02/2020 detention in different cells with video surveillance, opposite-sex operators   14478/20 03/03/2020 Anna Dmitriyevna KHARITONOVA 1982 Andreyev Ashot Aleksandrovich Syktyvkar IK-31 Komi Republic 10/10/2019-25/10/2019 opposite-sex operators   27964/20 08/04/2020 Vsevolod Sergeyevich LOSEV 1987 Tretyak Tatyana Aleksandrovna Gelendzhik IVS Gelendzhik more than 210 days between 23/11/2016 and 01/11/2019 (the applicant was regularly transferred to IVS) video surveillance in a lavatory and/or shower room, detention in different cells with video surveillance, opposite-sex operators