CEDH · CASELAW;JUDGMENTS;COMMITTEE;ENG — 30 septembre 2021

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UKRAINE (Application no. 26736/20 and 4 others – see appended list)             JUDGMENT   STRASBOURG 30 September 2021   This judgment is final but it may be subject to editorial revision. In the case of Maslyuchenko and Others v. Ukraine, The European Court of Human Rights (Fifth Section), sitting as a Committee composed of:   Stéphanie Mourou-Vikström, President,   Jovan Ilievski,   Mattias Guyomar, judges, and Viktoriya Maradudina, Acting Deputy Section Registrar, Having deliberated in private on 9 September 2021, Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date: PROCEDURE 1.     The case originated in applications against Ukraine lodged with the Court under Article   34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) on the various dates indicated in the appended table. 2.     The applicants were represented by Mr O.V. Vavrenyuk , a lawyer practising in Pyatykhatky. 3.     The Ukrainian Government (“the   Government”) were given notice of the applications. THE FACTS 4.     The list of applicants and the relevant details of the applications are set out in the appended table. 5.     The applicants complained of the inadequate conditions of their detention and of the lack of any effective remedy in domestic law. In applications nos.   36523/20 and 36529/20, the applicants also raised other complaints under the provisions of the Convention. THE LAW JOINDER OF THE APPLICATIONS 6.     Having regard to the similar subject matter of the applications, the Court finds it appropriate to examine them jointly in a single judgment. ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLES   3 AND   13 OF THE CONVENTION 7.     The applicants complained principally of the inadequate conditions of their detention and lack of an effective remedy in this connection. They relied on Articles   3 and   13 of the Convention, which read as follows: Article 3 “No one shall be subjected to torture or to inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.” Article 13 “Everyone whose rights and freedoms as set forth in this Convention are violated shall have an effective remedy before a national authority ...” 8.     The Court notes that the applicants were kept in detention in poor conditions. The details of the applicants’ detention are indicated in the appended table. The Court refers to the principles established in its case ‑ law regarding inadequate conditions of detention (see, for instance, Muršić   v.   Croatia [GC], no.   7334/13, §§   96 ‑ 101, ECHR 2016). It reiterates in particular that a serious lack of space in a prison cell weighs heavily as a factor to be taken into account for the purpose of establishing whether the detention conditions described are “degrading” from the point of view of Article   3 and may disclose a violation, both alone or taken together with other shortcomings (see Muršić , cited above, §§   122   ‑ 141, and Ananyev   and   Others v. Russia , nos.   42525/07 and 60800/08, §§   149 ‑ 159, 10   January 2012). 9.     In the leading cases of Melnik v. Ukraine, no. 72286/01, 28   March   2006 and Sukachov v. Ukraine, no. 14057/17, 30 January 2020, the Court already found a violation in respect of issues similar to those in the present case. 10.     Having examined all the material submitted to it, the Court has not found any fact or argument capable of persuading it to reach a different conclusion on the admissibility and merits of these complaints. Having regard to its case-law on the subject, the Court considers that in the instant case the applicants’ conditions of detention were inadequate. 11.     The Court further notes that the applicants did not have at their disposal an effective remedy in respect of these complaints. 12.     These complaints are therefore admissible and disclose a breach of Articles 3 and 13 of the Convention. OTHER ALLEGED VIOLATIONS UNDER WELL-ESTABLISHED CASE-LAW 13.     In applications nos.   36523/20 and 36529/20, the applicants submitted other complaints which also raised issues under the Convention, given the relevant well-established case-law of the Court (see appended table). These complaints are not manifestly ill-founded within the meaning of Article   35   §   3   (a) of the Convention, nor are they inadmissible on any other ground. Accordingly, they must be declared admissible. Having examined all the material before it, the Court concludes that they also disclose violations of the Convention in the light of its findings in Merit   v.   Ukraine , no.   66561/01, 30 March 2004. APPLICATION OF ARTICLE   41 OF THE CONVENTION 14.     Article   41 of the Convention provides: “If the Court finds that there has been a violation of the Convention or the Protocols thereto, and if the internal law of the High Contracting Party concerned allows only partial reparation to be made, the Court shall, if necessary, afford just satisfaction to the injured party.” 15.     Regard being had to the documents in its possession and to its case ‑ law (see, in particular, Sukachov, cited above, §§ 165 and 167), the Court considers it reasonable to award the sums indicated in the appended table. 16.     The Court considers it appropriate that the default interest rate should be based on the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank, to which should be added three percentage points. FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT, UNANIMOUSLY, Decides to join the applications; Declares the applications admissible; Holds that these applications disclose a breach of Articles   3 and 13 of the Convention concerning the inadequate conditions of detention and the lack of any effective remedy in domestic law; Holds that there has been a violation of the Convention as regards the other complaints raised under well-established case-law of the Court (see appended table); Holds (a)   that the respondent State is to pay the applicants, within three months, the amounts indicated in the appended table, to be converted into the currency of the respondent State at the rate applicable at the date of settlement. (b)   that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amounts at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points. Done in English, and notified in writing on 30 September 2021, pursuant to Rule   77   §§   2 and   3 of the Rules of Court.   Viktoriya Maradudina   Stéphanie Mourou-Vikström Acting Deputy Registrar   President   APPENDIX List of applications raising complaints under Articles 3 and 13 of the Convention (inadequate conditions of detention and lack of any effective remedy in domestic law) No. Application no. Date of introduction Applicant’s name Year of birth Facility Start and end date Duration Sq. m per inmate Specific grievances Other complaints under well-established case-law Amount awarded for pecuniary and non-pecuniary damage and costs and expenses per applicant (in euros) [1]     26736/20 10/06/2020 Andriy Volodymyrovych MASLYUCHENKO 1987 Cherkasy Pre-trial Detention Facility   19/09/2018 to 06/06/2020   1 year and 8 months and 19 days 3.3 m² infestation of cell with insects/rodents, lack of fresh air, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, lack of privacy for toilet, mouldy or dirty cell, no or restricted access to shower, overcrowding, passive smoking, poor quality of food   4,400     26738/20 10/06/2020 Ivan Oleksiyovych GRYNENKO 1987 Cherkasy Pre-trial Detention Facility   19/09/2018 to 06/06/2020   1 year and 8 months and 19 days       1.6-3.8m² infestation of cell with insects/rodents, lack of fresh air, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, lack of privacy for toilet, mould or dirty cell, no or restricted access to shower, overcrowding, passive smoking, poor quality of food     4,400     26742/20 10/06/2020 Artem Volodymyrovych KRAVCHENKO 1981 Cherkasy Pre-trial Detention Facility   19/09/2018 to 06/06/2020   1 year and 8 months and 19 days 1.7-4.5m² infestation of cell with insects/rodents, lack of fresh air, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, lack of privacy for toilet, mouldy or dirty cell, no or restricted access to shower, overcrowding, passive smoking, poor quality of food   4,400     36523/20 25/07/2020 Artur Vasylyovych BEBYA 1985 Cherkasy Pre-Trial Detention Facility   07/06/2016 pending   More than 5 years and 1 month and 30 days 2 m² overcrowding, lack of fresh air, lack of toiletries, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, no or restricted access to shower, lack of or insufficient electric light, lack of or insufficient natural light, passive smoking, mouldy or dirty cell, poor quality of food, lack or insufficient quantity of food, lack of privacy for toilet, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities Art. 6 (1) - excessive length of criminal proceedings - the length of criminal proceedings is more than 5 years and 1   month before   two levels of jurisdiction (from 04/06/2016 - pending). 9,800     36529/20 25/07/2020 Artem Yuriyovych SUDYR 1994 Cherkasy Pre-Trial Detention Facility   04/06/2016 pending   More than 5 years and 2 months and 2 days 2 m² overcrowding, passive smoking, lack of fresh air, lack of toiletries, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, lack of privacy for toilet, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, poor quality of food, lack or insufficient quantity of food, no or restricted access to shower Art. 6 (1) - excessive length of criminal proceedings - the length of criminal proceedings is more than 5 years and 1   month before two levels of jurisdiction (from 04/06/2016 - pending). 9,800   [1] Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants.