CEDH · CASELAW;JUDGMENTS;COMMITTEE;ENG — 13 octobre 2022

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HUNGARY (Applications nos. 37026/21 and 9 others – see appended list)             JUDGMENT   STRASBOURG 13 October 2022   This judgment is final but it may be subject to editorial revision. In the case of Juhász and Others v. Hungary, The European Court of Human Rights (First Section), sitting as a Committee composed of: Krzysztof Wojtyczek , President, Erik Wennerström , Lorraine Schembri Orland , judges, and Attila Teplán, Acting Deputy Section Registrar, Having deliberated in private on 22 September 2022, Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date: PROCEDURE 1.     The case originated in applications against Hungary lodged with the Court under Article   34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) on the various dates indicated in the appended table. 2.     The Hungarian Government (“the   Government”) were given notice of the applications. THE FACTS 3.     The list of applicants and the relevant details of the applications are set out in the appended table. 4.     The applicants complained of the excessive length of criminal proceedings. In application no.   49233/21, the applicant also raised other complaints under the provisions of the Convention. THE LAW JOINDER OF THE APPLICATIONS 5.     Having regard to the similar subject matter of the applications, the Court finds it appropriate to examine them jointly in a single judgment. ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLE   6 § 1 OF THE CONVENTION 6.     The applicants complained principally that the length of the criminal proceedings in question had been incompatible with the “reasonable time” requirement. They relied on Article 6 § 1 of the Convention, which reads as follows: Article   6   §   1 “In the determination of ... any criminal charge against him, everyone is entitled to a ... hearing within a reasonable time by [a] ... tribunal...” 7.     The Court reiterates that the reasonableness of the length of proceedings must be assessed in the light of the circumstances of the case and with reference to the following criteria: the complexity of the case, the conduct of the applicants and the relevant authorities and what was at stake for the applicants in the dispute (see, among many other authorities, Pélissier and Sassi v.   France [GC], no.   25444/94, §   67, ECHR   1999 ‑ II, and Frydlender v.   France [GC], no.   30979/96, §   43, ECHR   2000 ‑ VII). 8.     In the leading case of Barta and Drajkó v. Hungary, no. 35729/12, 17   December 2013 the Court already found a violation in respect of issues similar to those in the present case. 9.     Having examined all the material submitted to it, the Court has not found any fact or argument capable of justifying the overall length of the proceedings at the national level. Having regard to its case-law on the subject, the Court considers that in the instant case the length of the proceedings was excessive and failed to meet the “reasonable time” requirement. 10.     These complaints are therefore admissible and disclose a breach of Article 6 § 1 of the Convention. OTHER ALLEGED VIOLATIONS UNDER WELL-ESTABLISHED CASE-LAW 11.     In application no.   49233/21, the applicant submitted further complaints under Articles 5 § 4 and 13 of the Convention, which also raised issues, given the relevant well-established case-law of the Court (see appended table). These complaints are not manifestly ill-founded within the meaning of Article   35   §   3   (a) of the Convention, nor are they inadmissible on any other ground. Accordingly, they must be declared admissible. Having examined all the material before it, the Court concludes that they also disclose violations of the Convention in the light of its findings in Bandur v. Hungary , no. 50130/12, §§ 79 to 85, 5 July 2016, and Barta and Drajkó , cited above, §§ 25-26. APPLICATION OF ARTICLE 41 OF THE CONVENTION 12.     Article 41 of the Convention provides: “If the Court finds that there has been a violation of the Convention or the Protocols thereto, and if the internal law of the High Contracting Party concerned allows only partial reparation to be made, the Court shall, if necessary, afford just satisfaction to the injured party.” 13.     Regard being had to the documents in its possession and to its case ‑ law, the Court finds it reasonable to award the sums indicated in the appended table. 14.     The Court considers it appropriate that the default interest rate should be based on the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank, to which should be added three percentage points. FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT, UNANIMOUSLY, Decides to join the applications; Declares the applications admissible; Holds that these applications disclose a breach of Article   6 § 1 of the Convention concerning the excessive length of criminal proceedings; Holds that in case no. 49233/21 there has been a violation of the Convention as regards the other complaints raised under well-established case-law of the Court (see appended table); Holds (a)   that the respondent State is to pay the applicants, within three months, the amounts indicated in the appended table, to be converted into the currency of the respondent State at the rate applicable at the date of settlement; (b)   that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amounts at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points. Done in English, and notified in writing on 13 October 2022, pursuant to Rule   77   §§   2 and   3 of the Rules of Court.   Attila Teplán   Krzysztof Wojtyczek   Acting Deputy Registrar   President       APPENDIX List of applications raising complaints under Article 6 § 1 of the Convention (excessive length of criminal proceedings) No. Application no. Date of introduction Applicant’s name Year of birth   Representative’s name and location Start of proceedings End of proceedings Total length Levels of jurisdiction Other complaints under well ‑ established case-law Amount awarded for pecuniary and non ‑ pecuniary damage and costs and expenses per applicant (in euros) [1]     37026/21 12/07/2021 István JUHÁSZ 1980 Visontai Csongor Budapest 25/03/2016   pending   More than 6 year(s) and 5   month(s) and 7 day(s) 1   level(s) of jurisdiction     2,700     47505/21 08/09/2021 Etelka GÁSPÁR 1975 Cseterics Krisztián Budapest 15/12/2013   10/06/2021   7 year(s) and 5 month(s) and 27 day(s) 2 level(s) of jurisdiction     3,900     49223/21 16/09/2021 Oszkár BALOGH 1980 Kiss Dániel Bálint Budapest 09/11/2017   13/05/2022   4 year(s) and 6 month(s) and 5 day(s) 2 level(s) of jurisdiction   Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of excessive length of criminal proceedings. Art. 5 (4) - excessive length of judicial review of detention. Several appeals and reviews of detention were significantly delayed. 3,400     51527/21 29/09/2021 Klaudia DANÓ 1984 Csugányné Lakatos Csilla Miskolc 10/04/2014   24/08/2021   7 year(s) and 4 month(s) and 15 day(s) 2 level(s) of jurisdiction     3,900     55039/21 14/10/2021 Péter HEGYI 1990 Szabó Gábor Göd 04/11/2016   15/04/2021   4 year(s) and 5 month(s) and 12 day(s) 1 level(s) of jurisdiction     2,600     56705/21 10/11/2021 Zsuzsanna KÁRPÁTI 1961 Molnár Lajos Budapest 24/07/2012   25/05/2021   8 year(s) and 10 month(s) and 2 day(s) 2 level(s) of jurisdiction     5,200     58682/21 26/11/2021 Alfréd OLÁH 1971 Karsai Dániel András Budapest 20/09/2016   pending   More than 5 year(s) and 11   month(s) and 12 day(s) 1 level(s) of jurisdiction     2,700     58992/21 29/11/2021 Gyula VÁRI 1967 Molnár Lajos Budapest 24/06/2012   25/05/2021   8 year(s) and 11 month(s) and 2 day(s) 2 level(s) of jurisdiction     5,200     60141/21 26/11/2021 Tibor POLYÁK 1983 Bihari István Budapest 04/05/2010   pending   More than 12 year(s) and 3   month(s) and 28 day(s) 1   level(s) of jurisdiction     8,200   2131/22 10/12/2021 Zsolt SZÉKELY 1972 Patócs Ilona Tapolca 25/05/2016   08/10/2021   5 year(s) and 4 month(s) and 14 day(s) 1 level(s) of jurisdiction     3,300     [1] Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants.