CEDH · CASELAW;JUDGMENTS;COMMITTEE;ENG — 26 octobre 2023

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RUSSIA (Applications nos. 26259/18 and 50 others – see appended list)             JUDGMENT   STRASBOURG 26 October 2023     This judgment is final but it may be subject to editorial revision.   In the case of Yandiyev and Others v. Russia, The European Court of Human Rights (First Section), sitting as a Committee composed of:   Péter Paczolay , President ,   Gilberto Felici,   Raffaele Sabato , judges , and Viktoriya Maradudina, Acting Deputy Section Registrar, Having deliberated in private on 5 October 2023, Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date: PROCEDURE 1.     The case originated in applications against Russia lodged with the Court under Article   34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) on the dates indicated in the appended table. 2.     The Russian Government were given notice of the applications. THE FACTS 3.     A list of applicants and the relevant details of the applications are set out in the appended table. 4.     The applicants complained of the inadequate conditions of detention during their transport. Some applicants also raised complaints under other Convention provisions. THE LAW JOINDER OF THE APPLICATIONS 5.     Having regard to the similar subject matter of the applications, the Court finds it appropriate to examine them jointly in a single judgment. JURISDICTION 6.     The Court observes that the facts giving rise to the alleged violations of the Convention occurred prior to 16 September 2022, the date on which the Russian Federation ceased to be a party to the Convention. The Court therefore decides that it has jurisdiction to examine the present applications (see Fedotova and Others v. Russia [GC], nos.   40792/10 and 2   others, §§   68 ‑ 73, 17   January 2023). ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLE   3 OF THE CONVENTION 7.     The applicants complained principally of the inadequate conditions of detention during their transport. They relied on Article 3 of the Convention. 8.     The Court notes that the applicants were detained in poor conditions during transport. The details of the applicants’ detention are indicated in the appended table. The Court refers to the principles established in its case ‑ law regarding cramped and defective conditions during the transit of prisoners (see Tomov and Others v. Russia , nos. 18255/10 and 5 others, §§ 124-27, 9   April 2019). It reiterates in particular that a strong presumption of a violation arises when detainees are transported in conveyances offering less than 0.5 square metres of space per person, regardless of whether such cramped conditions result from an excessive number of detainees being transported together or from the restrictive design of compartments (ibid., §   125). As regards longer journeys, factors such as a failure to arrange an individual sleeping place for each detainee or to secure an adequate supply of drinking water and food or access to the toilet seriously aggravate the situation of prisoners during transfers and are indicative of a violation of Article 3 (ibid., § 127). 9.     In the leading case of Tomov and Others (cited above), the Court already found a violation in respect of issues similar to those in the present case. 10.     Having examined all the material submitted to it, and having taken into account the issue of compliance with the six-month time-limit under Article 35 § 1 of the Convention (see Saakashvili v. Georgia (dec.), nos.   6232/20 and 22394/20, §§ 46-59, 1 March 2022, in which the Court addressed the COVID-related extension of the period in question), the Court has not found any fact or argument capable of persuading it to reach a different conclusion on the admissibility and merits of these complaints. Having regard to its case-law on the subject, the Court considers that in the instant case the applicants’ conditions of detention during their transport were inadequate. 11.     These complaints are therefore admissible and disclose a breach of Article 3 of the Convention. OTHER ALLEGED VIOLATIONS UNDER WELL-ESTABLISHED CASE-LAW 12.     The applicants whose names are listed in the appended table also complained under Article 13 of the Convention of the lack of an effective remedy for their complaints about poor conditions of detention during transport and under Article 3 about the use of metal cages or other security arrangements in courtrooms. These complaints are not manifestly ill-founded within the meaning of Article 35 § 3 (a) of the Convention, nor are they inadmissible on any other ground. Accordingly, they must be declared admissible. Having examined all the material before it, the Court concludes that they also disclose a violation of the Convention in the light of its findings in Tomov and Others (cited above, §§ 143-56), and Svinarenko and Slyadnev v. Russia [GC], nos. 32541/08 and 43441/08, ECHR 2014 (extracts) and Mariya Alekhina and Others v. Russia , no. 38004/12, §§ 140-50, 17 July 2018, respectively. APPLICATION OF ARTICLE   41 OF THE CONVENTION 13.     Article 41 of the Convention provides: “If the Court finds that there has been a violation of the Convention or the Protocols thereto, and if the internal law of the High Contracting Party concerned allows only partial reparation to be made, the Court shall, if necessary, afford just satisfaction to the injured party.” 14.     Regard being had to the documents in its possession and to its case ‑ law (see, in particular, Pukhachev and Zaretskiy v. Russia, nos.   17494/16 and 29203/16, 16 November 2017), the Court considers it reasonable to award the sums indicated in the appended table. FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT, UNANIMOUSLY, Decides to join the applications; Holds that it has jurisdiction to deal with these applications as they relate to facts that took place before 16   September 2022; Declares the applications admissible; Holds that these applications disclose a breach of Article   3 of the Convention concerning the inadequate conditions of detention during transport; Holds that there has been a violation of Article 3 of the Convention and Article 13 of the Convention, taken in conjunction with Article 3, in respect of the applicants who raised other complaints under the well ‑ established case-law of the Court (see the appended table); Holds (a)   that the respondent State is to pay the applicants, within three months, the amounts indicated in the appended table, to be converted into the currency of the respondent State at the rate applicable at the date of settlement; (b)   that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amounts at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default during the default period plus three percentage points. Done in English, and notified in writing on 26 October 2023, pursuant to Rule   77   §§   2 and   3 of the Rules of Court.     Viktoriya Maradudina   Péter Paczolay   Acting Deputy Registrar   President   APPENDIX List of applications raising complaints under Article 3 of the Convention (inadequate conditions of detention during transport) No. Application no. Date of introduction Applicant’s name Year of birth Representative’s name and location Means of transport Start and end date Sq. m per inmate Specific grievances Other complaints under well-established case-law Amount awarded for pecuniary and non-pecuniary damage and costs and expenses per applicant (in euros) [1]     26259/18 03/05/2018 Islam Bekkhanovich YANDIYEV 1989     train 17/12/2017 to 26/01/2018 < 3 m²     overcrowding, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, lack of privacy for toilet, lack or inadequate furniture, lack of fresh air, inadequate temperature, lack of or insufficient electric light, no or restricted access to warm water   1,000     35992/18 13/05/2018 Denis Fedorovich DEGTYAREV 1982     van, transit cell, train 12/04/2018 to 12/04/2018 0.2 m²     overcrowding     1,000     38241/18 27/07/2018 Vladimir Yuryevich PLOTNIKOV 1984     van, train 11/04/2018 to 12/04/2018 0.3 m²     overcrowding, inadequate temperature, lack of fresh air, insufficient number of sleeping places, lack of or insufficient electric light, lack of or insufficient natural light, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, lack or inadequate furniture, no or restricted access to potable water, no or restricted access to toilet, passive smoking, poor quality of food, poor quality of potable water, lack of safety equipment inside the van Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000     38310/18 30/07/2018 Aleksandr Alekseyevich SKRYABIN 1988     train (Syktyvkar - Vorkuta) 12/03/2018 to 14/03/2018     van (IZ-11/1 Verkhniy Chov - Syktyvkar rail station) 12/03/2018 to 12/03/2018   van (Vorkuta rail station -   IZ-11/3) 14/03/2018 to 14/03/2018   train (Vorkuta - Ukhta) 01/04/2018 to 02/04/2018   train (Ukhta - Syktyvkar) 12/04/2018 to 12/04/2018 0.38 m²         0.34 m²         0.34 m²         0.38 m²       0.38 m² overcrowding, insufficient number of sleeping places, no or restricted access to toilet, lack of fresh air     overcrowding         overcrowding         overcrowding, insufficient number of sleeping places, no or restricted access to toilet     overcrowding, no or restricted access to toilet, insufficient number of sleeping places, lack of fresh air   1,000     39438/18 03/08/2018 Sergey Robertovich SAFRONOV 1966 Aleksandr Vladimirovich Vinogradov Kostroma train 18/02/2018 to 21/02/2018 0.6 m²     overcrowding, no or restricted access to toilet, insufficient number of sleeping places   1,000     39975/18 06/08/2018 Vadim Viktorovich KOTOV 1977 Olga Viktorovna Golub Suzemka train (Minusinsk - Achinsk) 26/04/2018 to 27/04/2018       train (Omsk - Chelyabinsk) 30/04/2018 to 30/04/2018   transit cell (IZ-74/3 Chelyabinsk) 01/05/2018 to 05/05/2018   transit cell (SIZO-1 Samara) 07/05/2018 to 10/05/2018 0.4 m²           0.4 m² overcrowding, insufficient number of sleeping places, no or restricted access to warm water, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, no or restricted access to toilet, lack of fresh air, inadequate temperature   overcrowding, insufficient number of sleeping places, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, inadequate temperature   insufficient number of sleeping places, inadequate temperature       insufficient number of sleeping places, inadequate temperature   Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000     40128/18 07/08/2018 Ivan Igorevich VISKOV 1991     train (12 round-trips Pechora-Vorkuta) 06/04/2018 to 14/07/2018   train (Vorkuta - Ukhta) 09/05/2019 to 11/05/2019   overcrowding, insufficient number of sleeping places, no or restricted access to toilet, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen     insufficient number of sleeping places, lack of fresh air, no or restricted access to toilet Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000     41756/18 25/07/2018 Viktor Maksimovich ZAKHAROV 1997     train 09/01/2018 to 05/02/2018 0.8- 1.5 m²     lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, no or restricted access to warm water, lack or insufficient quantity of food, no or restricted access to toilet, lack of or insufficient electric light, lack of fresh air, insufficient number of sleeping places, passive smoking, no or restricted access to potable water, constant electric light Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000     43567/18 29/08/2018 Rinat Rafkatovich KINYABAYEV 1986     van 22/06/2018 to 23/07/2018 1.5 m²     overcrowding, lack of privacy for toilet, lack of or insufficient electric light, lack of or insufficient natural light, poor quality of food Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   43793/18 16/08/2018 Ilya Sergeyevich MAKAROV 1983     train, van 23/04/2018 to 18/05/2018   train 15/07/2020 to 17/07/2020   train 22/08/2020 to 24/08/2020 0.2 m²       0.47 m² insufficient number of sleeping places, no or restricted access to potable water, no or restricted access to toilet Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   44361/18 31/08/2018 Elshad Tanyrgulu Ogly GASANOV 1969     train 26/03/2018 to 18/04/2018 0.3 m²     insufficient number of sleeping places, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, lack of or insufficient natural light, lack of or insufficient electric light, lack of fresh air, passive smoking, no or restricted access to toilet, no or restricted access to running water Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   44805/18 03/09/2018 Aleksandr Aleksandrovich MASTEROV 1985     train, van 07/08/2018 to 09/08/2018 0.3 m²     overcrowding, no or restricted access to toilet, no or restricted access to potable water, lack of seating space, lack of safety measures, passive smoking Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   46409/18 07/09/2018 Sergey Viktorovich SMIRNOV 1981     train, van 15/04/2018 to 16/04/2018 0.3 m²     insufficient number of sleeping places, no or restricted access to toilet, passive smoking, lack or insufficient quantity of food, lack of ventilation   Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   48013/18 25/09/2018 Artem Valeryevich LEPICHIN 1995     train 11/05/2018 to 11/05/2018   train 03/06/2018 to 03/06/2018 0.3 m²       0.3 m²     overcrowding       overcrowding     1,000   50185/18 09/10/2018 Aleksey Nikolayevich KRUGLOV 1978     van 22/06/2017 to 13/08/2018 0.45 m² inadequate temperature, lack of fresh air   1,000   50755/18 11/10/2018 Islam Mutagirovich DAVUDOV 1969     train 03/07/2018 to 04/07/2018   insufficient number of sleeping places, lack of fresh air, lack of or insufficient electric light, no or restricted access to toilet, no or restricted access to potable water, overcrowding Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   51960/18 15/10/2018 Sergey Aleksandrovich BARANOV 1976 Aleksandr Vladimirovich Vinogradov Kostroma train 18/04/2018 to 19/04/2018 0.3 m²     insufficient number of sleeping places, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen   1,000   52517/18 23/10/2018 Nikolay Aleksandrovich SMYSLOV 1980     transit cell, van 24/04/2018 to 03/07/2018 0.3 m²     inadequate temperature, lack of security measures   Art. 3 - use of metal cages and/or other security arrangements in courtrooms – the applicant was placed in a metal cage from 26/01/2018 to 03/07/2018 on 6 occasions during pre-trial and trial before the Vologodskiy District Court of the Vologda Region 8,500   53345/18 24/10/2018 Pavel Vasilyevich KOSTYLEV 1985 Anna Anatolyevna Tugolukova Syktyvkar train (Syktyvkar - Vorkuta) 05/08/2018 to 07/08/2018   train (Vorkuta - Syktyvkar) 05/09/2018 to 07/09/2018 0.4 m²       0.4 m² insufficient number of sleeping places       insufficient number of sleeping places   Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   53516/18 15/10/2018 Dmitriy Vadimovich OBZHERIN 1982     train, multiple journeys 21/04/2018 to 13/09/2018   lack of or insufficient electric light, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, no or restricted access to toilet, passive smoking   Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   55026/18 14/11/2018 Farid Ramazanovich MUSTAFAYEV 1987     van, transit cell 06/02/2015 to 30/07/2018   van, train 28/10/2020 to 11/11/2020   van, transit cell, train 20/07/2021 to 10/11/2021 0.3- 0.8 m²     0.4 m²       0.3 m²     lack of fresh air, inadequate temperature, overcrowding, lack of or insufficient natural light     lack of fresh air, lack or insufficient quantity of food, no or restricted access to warm water, no or restricted access to toilet, passive smoking     inadequate temperature, lack of fresh air, no or restricted access to potable water, no or restricted access to toilet, lack or inadequate furniture, lack of or insufficient natural light, overcrowding, poor quality of food, lack of or insufficient quantity of food, passive smoking Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   59343/18 26/11/2018 Rostislav Pavlovich KRUPETSKIKH 1968 Irina Vladimirovna Miller Kansk train 11/06/2018 to 19/06/2018   insufficient number of sleeping places, lack of fresh air, no or restricted access to toilet, overcrowding     1,000   1339/19 29/11/2018 Andrey Sergeyevich SUSLOV 1991     train, transit cell 06/07/2018 to 12/11/2018   lack of fresh air, insufficient number of sleeping places, no or restricted access to toilet, overcrowding, passive smoking   Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   1832/19 25/12/2018 Vasiliy Fedorovich KARPOV 1955     van 26/11/2018 to 24/12/2018 0.3 m²     lack of fresh air, single occupancy cell, transportation in "stakan", lack of or insufficient electric light, lack of or insufficient natural light, no or restricted access to toilet   1,000   2965/19 17/06/2019 Dmitriy Aleksandrovich KARAVAYCHIK 1983     van, transit cell 13/04/2018 to 03/06/2019 < 1   m²   overcrowding, lack or insufficient quantity of food, no or restricted access to potable water   Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   7889/19 09/01/2019 Azamat Zaurbiyevich TKHABISIMOV 1978     train, van 14/01/2019 to 04/02/2019 0.3 m²     insufficient number of sleeping places, passive smoking, poor quality of food, no or restricted access to toilet, no or restricted access to potable water, lack of fresh air, inadequate temperature   1,000   12294/19 28/03/2019 Viktor Nikolayevich BILOKONYUK 1983 Roman Nikolayevich Petrov Cheboksary train, transit cell, van 18/12/2018 to 24/01/2019 0.2 m²     insufficient number of sleeping places, overcrowding, no or restricted access to toilet     1,000   15240/19 23/02/2019 Denis Alekseyevich IVLEV 1989     Transport from IK-25 Chelyabinsk Region to IK ‑ 11 Nizhniy Novgorod Region, transit cell, train, van 19/12/2018 to 28/12/2018 < 0.5 m²     lack of fresh air, passive smoking, mouldy or dirty cell, no or restricted access to toilet     1,000   20423/19 04/04/2019 Sergey Alekseyevich GRIGORYEV 1971     train (Arkhangelsk region) 23/03/2019 to 24/03/2019   no or restricted access to toilet; lack or insufficient quantity of food   Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   23325/19 25/03/2019 Aleksandr Borisovich TITOV 1986     train / transit cell / van (IK ‑ 16 – IK ‑ 29 Arkhangelsk Region) 24/02/2019 to 25/02/2019 0.2- 0.5 m²     inadequate temperature, insufficient number of sleeping places, lack of fresh air, lack of or insufficient electric light, lack of or insufficient natural light, lack of or insufficient physical exercise in fresh air, lack of privacy for toilet, lack or insufficient quantity of food, no or restricted access to toilet, overcrowding, passive smoking Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   24085/19 12/04/2019 Ivan Aleksandrovich IVASHEV 1986     transfer from SIZO-4 St   Petersburg to SIZO-2 Vologda Region, train 23/11/2018 to 24/11/2018   transfer from SIZO-2 Vologda Region to SIZO-2 Komi Republic, train 05/12/2018 to 06/12/2018   insufficient number of sleeping places, lack of fresh air, no or restricted access to potable water         insufficient number of sleeping places, no or restricted access to toilet, lack of fresh air   Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   24909/19 22/04/2019 Sergey Aleksandrovich LISTRATOV 1986     transit cell, van 17/12/2018 to 21/12/2018 0.3 m²     overcrowding, inadequate temperature, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, insufficient number of sleeping places, lack of privacy for toilet, passive smoking Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   27800/19 14/05/2019 Rostislav Vasilyevich VASILYEV 1987     train, transit cell, van 22/11/2018 to 26/12/2018   overcrowding, no or restricted access to potable water, no or restricted access to toilet   Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   30087/19 25/05/2019 Nikolay Nikolayevich UVAROV 1985     train, van 17/02/2019 to 26/02/2019 0.5 m²     no or restricted access to toilet     1,000   30786/19 15/05/2019 Oleg Aleksandrovich RITMAN 1988 Yelena Vladislavovna Chernyak St Petersburg van, transit cell 10/01/2019 to 23/05/2019         1,000   33300/19 10/06/2019 Vitaliy Nikolayevich ALFEROV 1976     van, train 18/12/2018 to 24/01/2019   no or restricted access to toilet, no or restricted access to potable water   Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   33301/19 10/06/2019 Leonid Viktorovich USENKO 1989     train, transit cell, van 29/12/2018 to 26/01/2019   overcrowding, mouldy or dirty cell, no or restricted access to toilet, passive smoking   Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   34242/19 10/06/2019 Aleksandr Nikolayevich KETOV 1986     train, van 17/04/2019 to 18/04/2019   passive smoking, overcrowding, no or restricted access to toilet, no or restricted access to potable water, lack of fresh air   Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   34311/19 12/06/2019 Roman Mikhaylovich SUNSHEV 1969     train, transit cell, van 01/02/2019 to 18/02/2019 0.3 m²     overcrowding, no or restricted access to toilet, no or restricted access to potable water   Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   34432/19 03/06/2019 Gennadiy Valentinovich ZAICHKA 1977     van, train, transit cell 14/12/2018 to 17/01/2019   overcrowding, lack of fresh air, no or restricted access to toilet, passive smoking, no or restricted access to potable water   Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   35890/19 10/06/2019 Yevgeniy Aleksandrovich TSYKUNOV 1978     train (IK-8 Bashkortostan Republic - IK-4 Stavropol Region) 17/12/2018 to 03/01/2019   insufficient number of sleeping places, no or restricted access to toilet, lack of fresh air, no or restricted access to potable water   Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   37059/19 25/06/2019 Sergey Anatolyevich ABRAMOV 1981     train, van 08/11/2018 to 26/12/2018 0.3 m²     no or restricted access to potable water, no or restricted access to toilet, passive smoking, lack of or insufficient electric light, lack of fresh air   Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   38283/19 21/06/2019 Azamat Takhirovich TOLGUROV 1991     train, van 20/11/2018 to 21/01/2019   insufficient number of sitting places, lack or inadequate furniture, overcrowding, insufficient number of sleeping places, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, lack of fresh air, no or restricted access to potable water, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, no or restricted access to running water, passive smoking, inadequate temperature   1,000   38344/19 08/07/2019 Anton Vladimirovich SHEVCHENKO 1986     train, van, transit cells 09/04/2019 to 08/05/2019   no or restricted access to toilet, no or restricted access to potable water, insufficient number of sleeping places, lack of or insufficient electric light, overcrowding, lack of privacy for toilet, lack or insufficient quantity of food Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   39123/19 01/07/2019 Denis Aleksandrovich DENISENKO 1983     train, van, transit cell 28/01/2019 to 18/02/2019   overcrowding, passive smoking, mouldy or dirty cell, lack of privacy for toilet, lack of fresh air   Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   39288/19 12/07/2019 Kirill Andreyevich STAROVOYTOV 1992     train 12/01/2019 to 13/01/2019 0.75 m²     overcrowding, passive smoking, lack of fresh air, no or restricted access to toilet, no or restricted access to potable water, lack of or insufficient electric light   Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   42583/19 25/07/2019 Andrey Aleksandrovich KHOROKHORDIN 1981     train 24/12/2018 to 12/02/2019   insufficient number of sleeping places   Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   44377/19 13/08/2019 Radik Ayratovich AVZALETDINOV 1987     train, transit cell, van 13/03/2019 to 01/04/2019   overcrowding, passive smoking, no or restricted access to toilet Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   52740/19 27/09/2019 Pavel Mikhaylovich VARLAMOV 1973     train 21/05/2019 to 22/05/2019 0.25 m²       no or restricted access to potable water, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, lack of or insufficient electric light, lack of fresh air, no or restricted access to toilet Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   36785/20 25/07/2020 Aleksandr Yuryevich MAKASHIN 1997 Dmitriy Nikolayevich Shkelev Bor van, train 28/03/2020 to 29/03/2020 < 0.5 m²     insufficient number of sleeping places, overcrowding, no or restricted access to toilet   Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of inadequate conditions of detention during transport 1,000   42072/20 20/10/2020 Arsen Bagratovich BABAYAN 1990     a single-prisoner cubicle (“stakan”) 13/03/2020 to 13/03/2020 0.25 m²     lack of fresh air, the applicant claims having went through an operation which aggravated his conditions of transport, duration of more than 2 hours Art. 3 - use of metal cages and/or other security arrangements in courtrooms - use of a glass cabin to hold the applicant during criminal trial, 13/03/2020, in the Tsentralnyy District Court of Chelyabinsk (overcrowding, 7   persons) 8,500     [1] Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants.