CEDH · CASELAW;RESOLUTIONS;EXECUTION;FRA;FRE — 5 décembre 2013

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display:inline-block } .sA6033488 { list-style-position:inside } .s38F34D94 { width:22.66pt; font:7pt 'Times New Roman'; display:inline-block } .s1E0BC0B5 { margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:18pt } .sEAC9682F { width:17.1pt; font:7pt 'Times New Roman'; display:inline-block } .sBA55320B { width:21.55pt; font:7pt 'Times New Roman'; display:inline-block } .s5B9812EB { width:22.1pt; display:inline-block } .sF6A12959 { width:33%; height:1px; text-align:left } .s23ADBB69 { font-size:6.67pt; vertical-align:super; color:#0069d6 } Résolution CM/ResDH(2013)256 206 affaires contre Turquie Exécution des arrêts de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme (Groupe Gençel) (Voir Annexe pour la liste d’affaires)   (adoptée par le Comité des Ministres le 5 décembre 2013, lors de la 1186e réunion des Délégués des Ministres)     Le Comité des Ministres, en vertu de l’article 46, paragraphe 2, de la Convention de sauvegarde des droits de l’homme et des libertés fondamentales, qui prévoit que le Comité surveille l’exécution des arrêts définitifs de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme (ci-après nommées «   la Convention   » et «   la Cour   »),   Vu les arrêts définitifs transmis par la Cour au Comité dans ces affaires et les violations constatées en ce qui concerne le droit à un procès équitable en raison du défaut d’indépendance et d’impartialité des cours de sûreté de l’Etat, et soulignant que la Cour a estimé dans ces affaires que le redressement le plus approprié pour cette violation serait d’assurer que les requérants soient rejugés par un tribunal indépendant et impartial (voir § 27 dans l’affaire Gençel)   ;   Rappelant l’obligation de l’Etat défendeur, en vertu de l’article 46, paragraphe   1, de la Convention, de se conformer aux arrêts définitifs dans les litiges auxquels il est partie et que cette obligation implique, outre le paiement de la satisfaction équitable octroyée par la Cour, l’adoption par les autorités de l’Etat défendeur, si nécessaire   :   -                  de mesures individuelles pour mettre fin aux violations constatées et en effacer les conséquences, dans la mesure du possible par restitutio in integrum   ; et -                  de mesures générales permettant de prévenir des violations semblables;   Ayant invité le gouvernement de l’Etat défendeur à informer le Comité des mesures prises pour se conformer à l’obligation susmentionnée   ;   Rappelant à cet égard que le Comité a étroitement suivi les développements relatifs à l’adoption des mesures législatives nécessaires dans le cadre du groupe d’affaires Hulki Güneş (voir en particulier, les résolutions intérimaires adoptées, ResDH(2005)113 , CM/ResDH(2007)26 et CM/ResDH(2007)150 );   Ayant examiné le bilan d’action fourni par le gouvernement indiquant les mesures adoptées afin d’exécuter les arrêts, y compris les informations fournies en ce qui concerne le paiement de la satisfaction équitable octroyée par la Cour (voir document DH-DD(2013)1082 [1] ) ;   Se félicitant en particulier de l’adoption, le 11 avril 2013, d’un amendement législatif par le Parlement turc dans le cadre du «   Quatrième paquet de réforme   » et notant qu’en conséquence de cet amendement, les requérants dans le présent groupe d’affaires peuvent, s’ils le souhaitent, demander la réouverture des procédures dans leurs affaires   ;   Rappelant, s’agissant des autres violations constatées dans le présent groupe d’affaires, que le Comité a clos l’examen des questions relatives à la durée excessive de la garde à vue et à l’absence de recours effectif (violations de l’Article 5 §§ 3 et 4) dans le cadre de l’affaire de Sakık et autres (voir ResDH(2002)110 ) ainsi que des questions relatives à la violation du droit à la liberté d’expression en raison des condamnations en vertu de l’ancien article 8 de la loi anti-terrorisme dans le cadre de l’affaire Arslan (voir ResDH(2006)79 )   ;   Notant en outre à cet égard que le Comité examine actuellement les questions concernant la durée excessive de la procédure et l’absence de recours effectif dans le cadre du groupe d’affaires Ormancı et Kaplan et celles concernant la durée excessive de la détention provisoire dans le cadre du groupe d’affaires Demirel   ;   S’étant assuré que toutes les mesures requises par l’article 46, paragraphe 1, ont été adoptées,   DECLARE qu’il a rempli ses fonctions en vertu de l’article 46, paragraphe 2, de la Convention dans ces affaires et DECIDE d’en clore l’examen. 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They relied on Article 6 § 1 (right to a fair trial by an independent and impartial court) of the Convention. The precedent judgment in the case of Gencel v. Turkey became final on 24 March 2004 and currently 206 judgments are being supervised by Committee of Ministers under this group.                 JUDGMENTS                   The Court held unanimously that there had been a violation of Article   6 §   1.                 INDIVIDUAL MEASURES   Just satisfaction                   The just satisfaction amounts awarded by the Court have been paid to the applicants in due time and relevant documents indicating payment have been submitted to the Department for the Execution of the Court Judgments.   Other Individual Measures                   The Court considered that where an individual was convicted by a domestic court which did not meet the Convention requirements of independence and impartiality, a retrial or a reopening of the case, if so requested, represented in principle an appropriate way of redress for the violation.                   The reopening of judicial proceedings has been an existing legal remedy in the Turkish legal system. However, the applicants’ proceedings in the Gencel Group of cases could be reopened due to an exceptional time restriction provided under Article 311 of the Code of Criminal Procedure.                   A provisional article has been added to the Code of Criminal Procedure by “The Law Amending Certain Laws in the Context of Human Rights and Freedom of Expression” (hereinafter “the Law”), which is known in Turkey as the “Fourth Judicial Reform Package”. It was adopted by the Turkish Parliament on 11   April 2013 and came into force on 30 April 2013.                   The above-mentioned provisional article has made it possible for the applicants to request the reopening of proceedings in all relevant cases that have been under the supervision of the Committee of Ministers as of 15 June 2012. Accordingly, retrial requests could be made within three months following the entry into force of the Law. Therefore it has been possible for all applicants in the Gencel Group of cases to request the reopening of proceedings.                   The Law was published in the Official Gazette on 30 April 2013. It received broad media coverage during its legislative process and thereafter. Consequently, the content of the Law is well known by the public and should be known by the applicants in these cases as well.                 GENERAL MEASURES   Translation and Publication of the Judgment                   The judgments in the Gencel Group of cases have been translated into Turkish and published on the official website of the Human Rights Department of the Ministry of Justice.   These judgments are available at http://www.inhak.adalet.gov.tr/ .               The translated judgments have been disseminated to the relevant institutions such as the Ministry of Interior, the Court of Cassation, the High Council of Judges and Prosecutors and the Justice Academy, as well as to the domestic courts that have rendered the judgments.                  EXECUTION               The Gencel Group of cases present similarities to the judgment in the case of Çıraklar v. Turkey (28 October 1998) which was closed by a final resolution, DH(99)555, following the legislative and constitutional amendments changing the composition of state security courts and ending the functions of military judges and military prosecutors in these courts. The Parliament subsequently approved a constitutional amendment on 7 May 2004, abolishing state security courts.   Consequently the Government considers that there is no further general measure which needs to be taken for the execution of the Gencel group of cases.               Additionally, the Court has unanimously declared the case of Hulki Güneş v. Turkey (17210/09) inadmissible on 2 July 2013. The Court observed that “a new law enacted by Turkey on 11 April 2013 allowed the reopening of those cases against Turkey in which the European Court of Human Rights had found a violation of the Convention and in respect of which execution proceedings had been pending before the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe on 15 June 2012”. Under the Law, the applicant had the possibility to request the reopening of the proceedings within three months of its entry into force, that is, from 30 April 2013. The Court therefore considered that the complaint was manifestly ill-founded and declared it inadmissible.   13.   In the light of the submissions made above, the Government maintains that Turkey has taken the necessary individual and general measures for the execution of the judgments in the Gencel Group cases and kindly invites the Committee of Ministers to close their examination.   [1] Anglais uniquement.