CEDH · CASELAW;COMMUNICATEDCASES;ENG — 14 janvier 2014

.s800EAC49 { font-size:12pt } .sFE10DC93 { margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:center } .sBB9EE52A { font-family:Arial } .s5E1364CA { margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:12pt; text-align:center; page-break-inside:avoid; page-break-after:avoid; font-size:14pt } .s8229ABDD { margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:12pt; text-align:center } .s9793A85B { margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:14.2pt } .s68C46B95 { margin-top:36pt; margin-bottom:12pt; text-align:center } .s3F59B822 { font-family:Arial; font-weight:bold; text-transform:uppercase } .s32563E28 { margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt } .sA36B60A1 { font-family:Arial; font-style:italic } .s26FF04E7 { margin-top:0pt; margin-left:17.3pt; margin-bottom:0pt } .s64E792FA { margin-top:0pt; margin-left:39.7pt; margin-bottom:0pt } .s76CF415B { page-break-before:always; clear:both } .s4ACA9207 { page-break-before:always; clear:both; mso-break-type:section-break } .s9FB98CC4 { margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt; text-align:center } .sEAE2508C { margin-left:21.05pt; border:0.75pt solid #808080; border-collapse:collapse } .sF5C9E8B1 { height:46.3pt } .sD1CDDC62 { border-right:0.75pt solid #808080; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #808080; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top; background-color:#e0e0e0 } .sDF237D91 { margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:center; font-size:8pt } .s29100277 { font-family:Arial; font-weight:bold } .s2490CDBC { border-right:0.75pt solid #808080; border-left:0.75pt solid #808080; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #808080; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top; background-color:#e0e0e0 } .s2B230C99 { margin-top:0pt; margin-left:1.7pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:center; font-size:8pt } .s299B0C57 { margin-top:0pt; margin-left:0.45pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:-0.45pt; text-align:center; font-size:8pt } .s67CDEFD { margin-top:0pt; margin-left:0.4pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:-0.4pt; text-align:center; font-size:8pt } .s26ADB50A { border-left:0.75pt solid #808080; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #808080; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top; background-color:#e0e0e0 } .sFD306575 { height:35.55pt } .s2F4AF114 { border-top:0.75pt solid #808080; border-right:0.75pt solid #808080; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #808080; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top } .s6B505E72 { margin:0pt; padding-left:0pt } .s6CF83D49 { margin-left:11.67pt; padding-left:6.18pt; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold } .s898DAE93 { border:0.75pt solid #808080; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top } .sB217F55D { margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:justify; font-size:8pt } .sA0B2759 { margin-top:0pt; margin-left:0.45pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:-0.45pt; text-align:justify; font-size:8pt } .sB71F2881 { border-top:0.75pt solid #808080; border-left:0.75pt solid #808080; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #808080; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top } .sFD82DC6 { margin-left:16.12pt; padding-left:1.73pt; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold } .sBCA334AF { border-top:0.75pt solid #808080; border-right:0.75pt solid #808080; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top } .s7CB6920E { border-top:0.75pt solid #808080; border-right:0.75pt solid #808080; border-left:0.75pt solid #808080; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top } .s62945D10 { border-top:0.75pt solid #808080; border-left:0.75pt solid #808080; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top }       FIRST SECTION Application no. 33389/07 Ivan Vasilyevich KUZNETSOV against Russia and 35 other applications (see list appended)   The facts and complaints in these cases have been summarised in the Court’s decision, which is available in HUDOC. QUESTIONS TO THE PARTIES 1.     Did the applicants have a fair hearing in the determination of the criminal charge against them, in accordance with Article 6 § 1 of the Convention? Specifically, were the applicants able to examine the witnesses against them as required by Article 6 § 3 (d) of the Convention?   2.     Were there good reasons for the absence of the respective witnesses at trials (see Al-Khawaja and Tahery v. the United Kingdom [GC], nos.   26766/05 and 22228/06, §§ 120-125, ECHR 2011)? (a)     If yes, what were these reasons and did the national authorities make reasonable effort to secure the presence of the witnesses during trial as requested by the applicants? (b)     Were these reasons and efforts duly reviewed by the domestic courts? (c)     What were the grounds in the Russian law and practice on which the national courts relied in reading out of the pre-trial statements by the witnesses absent at trial?   3.     Were the applicants’ convictions based solely or to a decisive degree on the statements of the witnesses absent from trial (see Lucà v.   Italy , no.   33354/96, § 40, ECHR 2001 ‑ II, and Al-Khawaja and Tahery v.   the United Kingdom [GC], cited above, §§ 126-128, ECHR 2011)?   4.     Having regard to the reading out of the absent witnesses’ pre-trial statements, was the overall fairness of the proceedings ensured by the domestic courts as prescribed by Article   6   §   1 of the Convention (see   Al ‑ Khawaja and Tahery v. United Kingdom , cited above, §§ 144-147)? In addressing this issue the parties are invited to address each of the following questions: (a)     Did the competent national courts assess the impact of the absence of the witnesses on the overall fairness of the proceedings? (b)     Did the national courts ensure the overall fairness of the proceedings as prescribed by Article 6 § 1 of the Convention by relying on the good reasons for reading out of the witnesses’ pre-trial statements and duly reflecting these reasons in the judgments? (c)     Were there strong procedural safeguards put in place by the Russian law, practice, or specific arrangements in the applicants’ cases, which would counterbalance the use of such evidence (see Al-Khawaja and Tahery v. United Kingdom , cited above, § 147)? (d)     Having regard to the right “to examine or have examined witnesses against him” as enshrined in Article 6 § 3 (d), were the applicants able to examine the witnesses absent at trial during the pre-trial proceedings? (i)     Were they able to put questions to these witnesses and to submit their objections? (ii)     Were the applicants assisted by defence lawyers in examining the witnesses against them during the pre-trial proceedings? (iii)     Did the confrontation procedure conducted by the State officials, if any, meet the requirements of independence and impartiality? (see Melnikov v.   Russia , no. 23610/03, §   80, 14   January 2010)   5.     Given the number of similar complaints originating from different Russian regions submitted to the Court over the period of many years and up until now, as well as repeated violations of Article 6 § 3 (d) in connection with Article 6 § 1 found by the Court in certain Russian cases, may it be considered that the present cases reveal an underlying problem that requires adoption of general measures in accordance with Article 46 §   1 of the Convention as interpreted in the light of Article 1 of the Convention?   6.     The Government are invited to provide where available: (a)     the copies of reports on pre-trial confrontations of the applicants with the witnesses absent from trial; (b)     the copies of police reports and other relevant documents on the attempts to secure presence of these witnesses during trial.     Appendix   No. Application no. Lodged on Applicant name date of birth Represented by Final judgment Witness(es) absent from trial   33389/07 04/07/2007 Ivan Vasilyevich KUZNETSOV 05/06/1983     Moscow City Court, 21 March 2007 victim Mr N.   54480/07 15/10/2007 Vladimir Gennadyevich NAGIBIN 07/07/1955   Yelena Pavlovna ARTAMONOVA Moscow Regional Court, 17 April 2007 victim Mr R. and prosecution witness Mr Aks.   1570/08 09/12/2007 Mikhail Aleksandrovich FIRSTOV 03/07/1971 Dmitriy Vadimovich AREFYEV 24/04/1963     Moscow City Court, 13 June 2007 prosecution witness Mr K.   3975/08 12/12/2007 Dmitriy Grigoryevich ALEYNIKOV 27/11/1970     Moscow City Court, 13 June 2007 prosecution witness Mr K.   10309/08 22/01/2008 Sergey Anatolyevich KURBANOV 01/02/1982     Supreme Court of Khakasiya, 3 October 2007 victim Mr Ch.   10594/08 09/02/2008 Vladimir Yuryevich POSTOVALOV 08/12/1956     Rostov Regional Court, 18 September 2007 prosecution witness Mr F.   18069/08 27/01/2008 Maksim Romanovich ZLOBIN 10/09/1985     Chelyabinsk Regional Court, 27 July 2007 victim Mr N., prosecution witnesses Mr G. and Mr B.   24980/08 17/04/2008 Andrey Mikhaylovich PANCHENKO 09/09/1976     Supreme Court of Bashkortostan, 23 October 2007 prosecution witnesses Mr A., Mr   Sh. and Mr Sl.   30066/08 29/05/2008 Sergey Lvovich SANAYEV 11/02/1978     Tula Regional Court, 20 February 2008 prosecution witnesses Mr G. and Mrs Kr.   32015/08 03/06/2008 Roman Yevgenyevich VLASOV 11/09/1979     Chelyabinsk Regional Court, 9 January 2008 prosecution witness Mr K.   33965/08 04/06/2008 Sergey Gennadyevich SAVENKOV 12/10/1981   Radik Rashitovich RAKHMATULLIN Supreme Court of Bashkortostan, 6 December 2007 prosecution witness Mr T.   40306/08 09/06/2008 Lyubov Vasilyevna AKHTERYAKOVA 22/05/1981     Astrakhan Regional Court, 13 December 2007 prosecution witness Mrs Kaz.   46581/08 26/06/2008 Sergey Alekseyevich KOCHERGIN 01/06/1980     Supreme Court of Bashkortostan, 14 February 2008 prosecution witnesses Mr F. and Mr R.   47599/08 08/08/2008 Yuriy Valeryevich VYDRIN 05/03/1966     Krasnodar Regional Court, 27 February 2008 prosecution witnesses Mr S. and Mr Kos.   48895/08 15/09/2008 Sergey Vladimirovich SLOKHOV 25/06/1966   Tatyana Ivanovna PROTSENKO Moscow City Court, 8 August 2008 prosecution witnesses Mrs V., Mr M., Mr K., Mr   S., Mr Yud., Mr   R., Mr Ul., Mr   P., Mr Akh.   48905/08 15/09/2008 Gleb Aleksandrovich PAKULO 31/01/1968   Aleksey Mikhaylovich SURIN Moscow City Court, 8 August 2008 prosecution witnesses Mrs V., Mr M., Mr K., Mr   S., Mr Yud., Mr   R., Mr Ul., Mr   P., Mr Akh.   52304/08 25/09/2008 Aleksandr Eduardovich BLYUMIN 17/11/1964   Aleksandr Vyacheslavovich KOROLEV Moscow Regional Court, 26 August 2008 victim Mrs Yer.   54353/08 18/08/2008 Valentina Mikhaylovna URUKOVA 06/06/1961     Supreme Court of Chuvashiya, 28 August 2008 prosecution witnesses Mr Il., Mr   B., Mr Akh., Mr   Z., Mr P., Mrs   M.   7710/09 15/01/2009 Aleksey Aleksandrovich TKACHEV 05/10/1982     Astrakhan Regional Court, 14 August 2008 prosecution witnesses Mr B. and Mr Kh.   10781/09 05/11/2008 Igor Vladimirovich FEDYAYEV 29/07/1968   Aleksandr Petrovich POPOV Kursk Regional Court, 3 July 2008 prosecution witness Mrs Sh.   11068/09 10/09/2008 Aleksey Nikolayevich KHVALNOV 10/03/1979     Tambov Regional Court, 18 March 2008 prosecution witness Mrs Sem.   12565/09 07/02/2009 Arkadiy Vladislavovich AKLANOV 25/03/1971   Novosibirsk Regional Court, 11 August 2008 prosecution witness Mr Zh.   14252/09 03/02/2009 Ivan Borisovich TELEGIN 27/02/1978   Larisa Nikolayevna YEREMICHEVA Saint Petersburg City Court, 5 August 2008 victim Mr N.   35051/09 28/05/2009 Valeriy Nikolayevich KANAICHEV 05/04/1964     Moscow City Court, 18 March 2009 prosecution witnesses Mr R., Mr   K., Mr F., Mr   P., Mr Bozh, Mr Bryz.   35656/09 10/06/2009 Dmitriy Viktorovich DYAGILEV 08/12/1977   Aleksandr Vitalyevich VASILYEV Moscow City Court, 13 July 2009 prosecution witnesses Mr Sh. and Mr Akh., victim Mr S.   36235/09 02/09/2009 Eduard Anatolyevich DYACHOK 23/10/1968     Krasnoyarsk Regional Court, 2 February 2010 prosecution witness Mr F.   46918/09 20/10/2009 Ivan Vladimirovich RYS 27/09/1984     Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, 5 May 2009 prosecution witness Mrs Sh.   6752/12 26/03/2012 Dinmukhamed Mustapayevich YSAKOV 27/09/1982     Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, 20 October 2011 prosecution witness Mr L.   66754/12 28/09/2012 Aleksandr Aleksandrovich NIKONOV 24/02/1979     Moscow City Court, 14 June 2012 prosecution witness Mr T.   68848/12 12/09/2012 Ruslan Rusamovich GALIYEV 13/02/1979     Supreme Court of Chuvashiya, 7 June 2012 victims Mrs S. and Mrs G.   892/13 12/12/2012 Vitaliy Vladimirovich DASHKOV 27/02/1976   Aleksey Vyacheslavovich SUSHKOV Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, 27 June 2012 victim Mr T.   5987/13 17/01/2013 Yevgeniy Vladimirovich BELYAEV 04/10/1976     Sverdlovsk Regional Court, 3 August 2012 prosecution witness Mr M.   13105/13 18/02/2013 Zakhar Sergeyevich BERESTOVOY 10/08/1986   Lina Fedorovna MOTCHENKO Moscow City Court, 20 August 2012 prosecution witnesses Mrs P., Mr M., Mr N., Mr   S., Mrs Av.   13686/13 28/01/2013 Gennadiy Nikolayevich DOROSHCHENKO 07/03/1975     Krasnoyarsk Regional Court, 22 January 2013 victim Mr Er. and prosecution witness Mrs Ver.   14360/13 09/01/2013 Dmitriy Vladislavovich GLAZYRIN 03/10/1970     Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, 18 July 2012 victim Mrs M.   18635/13 25/12/2012 Boymukhamad Saidovich KODIROV 27/07/1967   Supreme Court of Chuvashiya, 28 June 2012 prosecution witness Mr B.