CEDH · CASELAW;COMMUNICATEDCASES;ENG — 14 mai 2018

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border-right-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding-right:3.12pt; padding-left:3.5pt; vertical-align:top }   Communicated on 14 May 2018   THIRD SECTION Application no. 19147/08 Vladimir Ivanovich LAVRENTYEV against Russia and 6 other applications (see list appended) STATEMENT OF FACTS The applicants complained under Article 3 of the Convention that they had been subjected to ill-treatment by State officials and that the State failed to conduct an effective domestic investigation into those incidents. All of the applicants submitted that their attempts to initiate criminal investigation in connection with the incidents proved futile.   The relevant details regarding the applicants’ allegations and their version of factual circumstances are reflected in the attached appendices. The information regarding the alleged breach of the substantive aspect of Article 3 in contained in Appendix no. 1. The reaction of the domestic authorities to the applicants’ complaints is reflected in Appendix no. 2.   The table of cases:   No. Application number Introduction date Name of the applicant(s); date of birth place of residence Represented by 1. 19147/08 15/03/2008 Vladimir Ivanovich LAVRENTYEV 02/11/1964 Aleksandriyskaya   2. 16608/10 11/03/2010 Aleksandr Aleksandrovich RAKHMANOV 12/12/1941 Kstovo The applicant passed on on 28/04/2016, the case is pursued on his behalf by his son Mr Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Rakhmanov, born on 11/12/1970, residing in Kstovo. COMMITTEE AGAINST TORTURE 3. 37356/10 01/06/2010 Ilya Vladimirovich MILCHAKOV 05/08/1982 Moscow Russian   4. 40010/10 21/06/2010 Sergey Yuryevich PASYNKOV 22/05/1968 Yagul   5. 58843/10 06/09/2010 Vladimir Markovich CHIRLIN 18/10/1969 Bor   6. 62846/13 07/10/2013 Dmitriy Konstantinovich BELKIN 17/07/1971 Moscow Roman Sergeyevich KARPINSKIY 7. 20013/17 22/02/2017 Rafael Damirovich SAFIN 03/01/1994 Kazan Andrey Vladimirovich SUCHKOV   QUESTIONS TO THE PARTIES 1.     Having regard to the injuries found on the applicants after the time spent by them in State custody, have the applicants been subjected to torture, or inhuman or degrading treatment, in breach of Article 3 of the Convention (see, among other authorities, Razzakov v. Russia , no. 57519/09, 5   February 2015; Gorshchuk v. Russia , no. 31316/09, 6 October 2015; Turbylev v.   Russia , no.   4722/09, 6   October 2015; Fartushin v. Russia , no.   38887/09, 8   October 2015; Aleksandr Andreyev v. Russia , no. 2281/06, 23   February 2016; and Leonid Petrov v. Russia , no. 52783/08, 11   October 2016)?   2.     Have the authorities discharged their burden of proof by providing a plausible or satisfactory and convincing explanation of how the applicants’ injuries were caused (see Selmouni , cited above, § 87, and Salman v. Turkey [GC], no.   21986/93, §   100, ECHR 2000 ‑ VII and Bouyid v. Belgium [GC], no.   23380/09, §   83 and further, ECHR 2015)?   3.     Did the authorities carry out an effective investigation, in compliance with the procedural obligation under Article 3 of the Convention (see Lyapin v.   Russia , no.   46956/09, §§   125-40, 24 July 2014), having regard to:   (a)     the investigating authorities’ refusals to open criminal cases and investigate the applicants’ allegations of ill-treatment by the State officials, and the overruling of those refusals as unlawful and unsubstantiated by higher investigative authorities or courts, and   (b)     the investigating authorities’ inability to implement full investigative measures within the framework of the pre-investigation inquiries, before and/or after amendments to the Code of Criminal Procedure introduced by Federal Law no. 23-FZ of 4 March 2013, for example, confrontations, identification parades, searches, and so forth?       No   Application No. and Title   APPENDIX No. 1 Article 3 - Substantive aspect ARREST ALLEGED ILL – TREATMENT EVIDENCE Date / time Region / town /street Entity Facts Date / time Location Alleged Facts Perpetrator(s) Date Doc Type Authority Description of Injuries 1. 19147/08 Lavrentyev v.   Russia 19/04/2006 Nevinnomysk town, Stavropol Region Kochubeevskoye Department of the Interior Arrested on suspicion of robbery During pre-trial detention, 03/07/2006 IVS Kochubeevskoye, Stavropol Region Severe beatings for 1.5 hours Police officers of the Kochubeev-skoye OVD 16/08/2006 Forensic examination report Forensic Bureau of the Stavropol Region Multiple injuries in the area of shoulder blade, ribs, tailbone, shin injury, bruises of the scrotum, left shoulder and the forearm, caused by the impact of the hard blunt object. 2. 16608/10 Rakhmanov v.   Russia         14/05/2009 morning The applicant’s house The applicant’s house was searched and the applicant was allegedly handcuffed, beaten, kicked with the legs on the stomach and head during the search. He was left handcuffed for 2 hours. The applicant’s wife managed to bite the police officer’s shoulder (convicted under Article 318 of the Criminal Code). police officers, (OMON special forces) 14/05/2009 Forensic Medical Certificate M282 Forensic Bureau of Nizhegorod-skiy Region Brain concussion, injuries on chest, shoulder, face, abdomen. 3. 37356/10 Milchakov v.   Russia 30/03/2009 City of Samara Police unit on duty (Leninskiy District ROVD)   30/03/2009- 01/04/2009 In the street, on police department premises (Leninskiy District ROVD) The applicant was arrested on the street at night in hot pursuit. He was allegedly drunk and resisted arrest. Police agents 28/10/2009 Official report IZ 63/1 Samara Bruise on the right thigh; hematoma on scapula and the right shoulder, paraorbital hematoma; abrasions of soft tissues of face, bruise of the left ear-lobe, fracture of the nose bones; bruise of soft tissue of head. 4.   40010/10 Pasynkov v.   Russia         23/04/2009 -24/04/2009 District Police Unit Leninskiy (ROVD) of Izhevsk Being handcuffed, the applicant was subjected to beatings on his head, arms and legs. The ill-treatment continued until 3 am, then restarted on 8 am the same day. The applicant was allegedly suffocated with plastic bag and gas mask. 5 police agents 05/11/2009       25/04/2009         29/04/2009         8/05/2009 Medical expert examination   Pre-trial detention intake record   Paramedic of Medical Unit     Investigator’s report Medical Expert Examination Office   Pre-trial detention IVS       Medical Unit of pre-trial detention facility     Investigation Committee Bruises on the left shoulder, back, thighs, left buttock.   Scratch under the left eye; hematoma on the left arm from shoulder to elbow, both tights.   Brain concussion, bruise of the utter surface of left shoulder.     Craniocerebral trauma effects; brain concussion; thorax contusion. 5. 58843/10 Chirlin v.   Russia 30/06/2009 at 12:00 Tolyatti, when leaving his friend’s apartment Police unit, Komso-molsky District of Tolyatti Arrested on suspicion of drug dealing After apprehension, but before the court sanctioned arrest Department of the Interior of the Komsomol-sky District of Tolyatti Violent blows over the body and head, with the hands handcuffed behind the back Policeman Iv. 03/07/2009 Forensic examination report Tolyatti Forensic Bureau Bruise on the breast; abrasion on the right shin. These injuries resulted respectively from "the impact of blow or squeeze by the hard blunt object" and from the "sliding and pressing impact of a hard blunt object with irregular contact surface" "5-9 days before the examination". 6. 62846/13 Belkin v.   Russia         24/10/2014 SIZO-2 Moscow Before transportation from SIZO to the court hearing the applicant was suddenly beaten by disguised agents of special forces (convoy). 2 shots on head, 1 on the stomach, the applicant was overturned, 2 more shots by feet on stomach. Insults, the app.’s hands were pulled behind the back and tightly handcuffed. Disguised convoy agents 24/10/2014 Act on physical injuries SIZO-2, Moscow hyperaemia, oedema from handcuffs                     28/03/2012; 30/03/2012; 01/03/2013; 17/05/2013; 21/05/2013; 10/07/2013; 14/08/2013; 15/08/2013; 20/08/2013; 09/09/2013; 17/09/2013; 20/09/2013. SIZO-1 Moscow Several times the applicant refused to go for a walk and was forced to do it by the prison guards. He was dragged with his arms handcuffed behind his back, what caused multiple abrasions and bruises. Prison guards 18/12/2013 Refusal to initiate criminal investigation Investigator of Investigation Committee Abrasion of front chest surface near mastoid, caused by sliding action of the solid blunt object, which did not cause long-lasting health damage. Traces of handcuffs use, with damage to the surface of epidermis. Abrasion of right knee. Pinpoint bruises of left cubital fossa . Pinpoint bruises of left and right shoulders (Not cumulative). 7. 20013/17 Safin v.   Russia 16/08/2014 at 22:40 In the flat of his acquaintance, at 58, street Pobedy-73 and in the street Local police officers of the Department of the Interior of the Republic of Tatarstan After ill-treatment the applicant was delivered to police office no.9 "Safiullina" UMVD of the Republic of Tatarstan 16/08/2014 around midnight In the street at the following address: 67 street Richard Zorge, during the pursuit of the applicant The police officer repeatedly beat the applicant with his feet on the face and body, maintained in handcuffs on the floor, and in the car Two police officers dressed in civilian clothing 17/08/2014, 18/08/2014, 20/04/2015; 01/06/2015; 07/08/2015; 09/10/2015; 28/07/2016 Medical certificate, forensic medical report no. 1008/28, forensic medical reports during the preliminary inquiry Republican Clinical hospital, Kazan, Republican forensic expertise office Bruises on the face (eaves of the right eye and right frontal part), bruises on the left chest, abrasion of the right stifle joint             No     Application No. and Title APPENDIX No. 2 Article 3 - Procedural aspect DOMESTIC COMPLAINT AND THE GOVERNMENT REACTION Date of Complaint Authority Type of Reaction Date(s) Procedural Outcome   1. 19147/08 Lavrentyev v.   Russia 06/07/2016 Prosecutor’s office of the Kochubeyevsk District of the Stavropol Region Consistently refused 07/07/2016 The authorities, recognizing existence of injuries, failed to suggest any plausible explanation of their causes and refused to initiate criminal proceedings against police officers. Refusals were quashed by the authorities at least 16 times. Last refusal was upheld by the Kochubeyevskiy District Court of the Stavropol Region on 15/01/2010. It seems that investigation was carried out without due diligence, no explanation as for the nature and mechanism of injuries suggested. 2. 16608/10 Rakhmanov v.   Russia 2/06/2009 Police Office Consistently refused 24/06/2009, 01/07/2009, 22/03/2013, 22/03/2014. Complaint under Article 125 of the Code of Criminal Procedure was dismissed on 23/10/2009 on cassation bv the Nizhegorodskiy Regional Court. The applicant received a compensation for non-pecuniary damage for ineffective investigation (RUB 10   000, around 150 euro) on 09/07/2015 (Nizhegorodskiy District Court of Nizhniy Novgorod). The following alleged defects in the inquiry: no proper forensic expertise, no cross-examinations of witnesses, no examination of OMON officers, failure quickly to launch criminal investigation (delay of some 3 years and 10 months) were acknowledged in domestic award on 09/07/2015. 3. 37356/10 Milchakov v.   Russia 31/03/2009       unclear         unclear   unclear Investigation Unit of Leninskiy District OVD of Samara;   Kuybyshevskiy Interdistrict Investigation unit of Samara   Zheleznodorozhny District Court   Samara Regional Court Consistently refused 31/03/2009       15/06/2009         29/07/2009     30/09/2009 Refusal to open criminal investigation. Appeal under Article 125 of the Criminal Procedure Code dismissed. 4. 40010/10 Pasynkov v.   Russia 20/09/2009               unclear Investigation Committee             Courts Consistently refused 07/05/2009; 28/05/2009; 2/11/2009; 25/01/2010; 12/11/2010; 09/08/2010; 19/08/2011;   06/05/2011; 09/08/2011; 11/12/2011. 7 refusals to open criminal investigation in courts (Leninskiy District Court and Supreme Court of Udmurtiya) dismissed the applicant’s claim. 5. 58843/10 Chirlin v.   Russia 15/07/2009 Prosecutor’s Office of Tolyatti Consistently refused 05/04/2010 The Investigative Committee several times refused to open investigation. The applicant challenged refusal in the national court, but to no avail (Decision of the Komsomolsky District Court of Tolyatti of 29/01/2010), as the decision to refuse to open an investigation was quashed by the investigator just before the hearing. The Investigator again refused to open an investigation on 05/04/2010. This decision was quashed by the prosecutor on 17/02/2011. The decision to refuse to open an investigation was many times quashed. Challenging the decision in court did not bring any results. No due examination of the applicant’s complaints. 6. 62846/13 Belkin v.   Russia 10/09/2013 Investigation Committee (SK) Consistently refused 18/12/2013 The preliminary investigation came to conclusion, that the use of physical power was proven, but found necessary and lawful, thus no criminal investigation was opened. 12/11/2014 Investigation Committee (SK) Consistently refused Last decision: 15/04/15 Appeal Moscow City Court The applicant’s claim under Article 125 of the Criminal Procedure Code was not granted.   Appeal, Moscow City Court Consistently refused 01/10/2014 The appeal court supported the 1st instance court decision to dismiss the applicant’s claim under Article 125 of the Criminal Procedure Code. 7.   20013/17 Safin v.   Russia 27/08/2014 The Investigation Division of the Investigation Committee of the Republic of Tatarstan Criminal Investigation 04/02/2015; 05/10/2016 On 5/10/2016 the criminal investigation was closed. Refusal under Article 125 – On 3/11/2016 Sovetskiy District Court of Kazan, upheld on appeal on 23/12/2016 Supreme Court of the Republic of Tatarstan. According to the authorities the criminal proceedings were closed due to the absence of a crime; the police offices did not abuse their powers, as “the applicant did not receive significant injuries”