CEDH · CASELAW;COMMUNICATEDCASES;ENG — 9 octobre 2018

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padding:1.02pt 5.03pt; background-color:#dfdfdf } .s6105F245 { border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:1.02pt 5.03pt } .s59EA0D99 { border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt 0.75pt 1pt; padding:1.02pt 5.03pt 0.9pt }   Communicated on 9 October 2018   THIRD SECTION Application no. 10723/18 Pavel Yevgenyevich KUROV against Russia and 6 others – see appended list STATEMENT OF FACTS The applicants complained under Articles 3 and 13 of the Convention that they had been subjected to ill-treatment by State officials and that the State failed to conduct an effective domestic investigation into those incidents. All of the applicants submitted that their attempts to initiate criminal investigation in connection with the incidents proved futile. The relevant details regarding the applicants’ allegations and their version of factual circumstances are reflected in the attached appendices. The information regarding the alleged breach of the substantive aspect of Article   3 in contained in Appendix no. 1. The reaction of the domestic authorities to the applicants’ complaints is reflected in Appendix no. 2. The applicant in case no. 13701/18 also complained under Article 6 of the Convention about the use of evidence obtained as a result of ill-treatment in the criminal proceedings against him, in breach of this Convention provision. The applicants also raised other complaints, subject of well-established case-law of the Court (see Appendix no. 3).   The table of cases:   No. Application number Introduction date Name of the applicants / date of birth / place of residence Represented by 1. 10723/18 21/02/2018 Pavel Yevgenyevich KUROV 29/04/1997 Lipetsk Natasha Ognyanova DOBREVA 2. 11545/18 24/02/2018 Igor Viktorovich VLASOV 05/03/1972 Samara   3. 12875/18 19/02/2018 Andrey Grigoryevich GOLOVACHEV 22/06/1967 Kharp   4. 13701/18 12/03/2018 Biyarslan Narimanovich AKAYEV 16/06/1987 Sheksna   5. 16097/18 29/03/2018 Sultankhan Ibragimovich IBRAGIMOV 01/05/1963 Makhachkala Kirill Nikolayevich KOROTEYEV 6. 22821/18 25/04/2018 Gennadiy Vasilyevich YUDIN 02/02/1971 Varskiye   7. 24996/18 24/05/2018 Taygib Zalbegovich ZALBEGOV 04/10/1982 Makhachkala Kirill Nikolayevich KOROTEYEV   QUESTIONS 1.     Having regard to the injuries found on the applicants after the time spent by them in State custody, have the applicants been subjected to torture, or inhuman or degrading treatment, in breach of Article 3 of the Convention (see, among other authorities, Razzakov v. Russia , no.   57519/09, 5   February 2015; Gorshchuk v. Russia , no. 31316/09, 6   October 2015; Turbylev v.   Russia , no.   4722/09, 6   October 2015; Fartushin v. Russia , no.   38887/09, 8   October 2015; Aleksandr Andreyev v. Russia , no.   2281/06, 23   February 2016; and Leonid Petrov v. Russia , no. 52783/08, 11   October 2016)?   2.     Have the authorities discharged their burden of proof by providing a plausible or satisfactory and convincing explanation of how the applicants’ injuries were caused (see Selmouni , cited above, § 87, and Salman v. Turkey [GC], no.   21986/93, §   100, ECHR 2000 ‑ VII and Bouyid v. Belgium [GC], no.   23380/09, §   83 and further, ECHR 2015)?   3.     Did the authorities carry out an effective investigation, in compliance with the procedural obligation under Article 3 of the Convention (see Lyapin v.   Russia , no.   46956/09, §§   125-40, 24 July 2014), having regard to:   (a)     the investigating authorities’ refusals to open criminal cases and investigate the applicants’ allegations of ill-treatment by the State officials, and the overruling of those refusals as unlawful and unsubstantiated by higher investigative authorities or courts, and   (b)     the investigating authorities’ inability to implement full investigative measures within the framework of the pre-investigation inquiries, before and/or after amendments to the Code of Criminal Procedure introduced by Federal Law no. 23-FZ of 4 March 2013, for example, confrontations, identification parades, searches, and so forth?   4.     As regards cases nos. 12875/18 and 22821/18, the Government are requested to submit the following documents: pre-investigation inquiry materials; decisions of the prosecutorial and investigative bodies quashing the refusals to institute criminal proceedings; medical cards or any other relevant documents.   5.     As regards case no. 13701/18, having regard to the use of the applicant’s “statement of surrender and confession” ( явка с повинной ), which was allegedly obtained as a result of his ill-treatment by the police and in the absence of a lawyer, did the applicant have a fair hearing, in accordance with Article 6 §§ 1 and 3 (c) of the Convention (see Turbylev v.   Russia , no.   4722/09, 6 October 2015)? The reference in being made to the appeal judgment of 12 December 2017 of the Supreme Court of the Dagestan Republic.   No   Application No. and Title APPENDIX No. 1 Article 3 - Substantive aspect ARREST ALLEGED ILL-TREATMENT EVIDENCE Date Time Facts Region Town Street Entity Date Time Location Alleged Facts Perpetrator(s) Date Doc Type Authority Description of Injuries 1. 10723/18 Kurov v. Russia   04/06/2015 Bobrov prison (disciplinary cell), Voronezh Region The applicant was hit with the right arm on the left side, hit with fists upon the belly and ribs, kicked upon ribs and hips, hit and pulled over the ear, kicked upon the ankles prison guards of Bobrov prison A. G. and A. F. 23/06/2015 Forensic examination report Voronezh Regional Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination Bruises on the right shoulder, bruise on the left ankle 2. 11545/18 Vlasov v. Russia   22/01/2013 Police department Tolyatti Punches and kicks on the head and face Police officers 23/01/2013 Certificate Tolyatti traumatology centre Bruises on soft issues of face, right temple, top of the head 3. 12875/18 Golovachev v.   Russia   27/02/2015 IZ-1 Krasnodar Region The applicant was handcuffed backwards and put into a transit box for three hours. One of the guards repeatedly entered the box and twisted the applicant’s arms. Detention facility’s guards 01/03/2015 Medical examination upon the applicant’s arrival at IZ-1 Volgograd Region IZ-1 Volgograd Region Haematomas on the right and left forearms 4. 13701/18 Akayev v.   Russia 10/02/2017 Endirey village, Khasavyurt District, Dagestan Republic Police 10/02/2017 A forest near the Endrey village, Police station of the Khasavyurt District of the Dagestan Republic Beatings, electrocution Police officers 12/02/2017 Medical certificate IZ-3 of the Dagestan Region Bruises around the eyes, a bruise on the lower back, abrasions on the fingers of both hands. The applicant was arrested by police officers while he was on his way from the Endirey village. According to the applicant the policemen were wearing masks. 03/03/2017 Forensic medical report no. 85 Forensic Bureau of the Khasavyurt District Bruises around the eyes, a bruise on the lower back, abrasions on the fingers of both hands. It is possible that the applicant got these injuries in the way described. 03/07/2017 Expert report no. 51/07-M/17 Centre of the medical and criminological research Bruises around the eyes, a bruise on the lower back, abrasions on the fingers of both hands. It is possible that the applicant got these injuries in the way described. 5. 16097/18 Ibragimov v. Russia 23/03/2016 at 17.30 Dagestan, Makhachka-la, Gazmat Tsadassa str. Police from 22/03/2016 to 30/03/2016 Unknown location He was kept in an unidentified location for 8 days. He was beaten with hands and legs on his head, face, torso and feet. He was electrocuted. Police officers 04/04/2016 at 10.40 Expert report Forensic Bureau of the Dagestan Region Multiple bruises: face, left shoulder, shins, knees. Small round liaisons on his hands. It is possible that the applicant had received these injuries the way he described.   Plain clothed police officers entered his father’s house. They took the applicant by force and placed him in a car. He was then taken to the Sovetskiy District Police Station and then moved to an unknown location 16/12/2016 Information letter Medical Unit No. 3, Makhachkala Bruises: right shoulder, fingers on both hands, right knee, left part of the chest. Aerothorax. Broken ribs: 6-8, left side. 6. 22821/18 Yudin v. Russia 12/03/2016 at about 11 a.m. Ryazan Region, Varskiye, Shkolnaya Street, near the applicant’s house Police from 12/03/2016 to 14/03/2016 Police Department in the Ryazanskiy District of Ryazan (Ryazan, 2nd Prudnaya Street, 10a) The applicant was beaten by hands and legs on his head, face, and body. He also claims that he was beaten with the help of various office stationery and a rubber dildo. According to him, the police officers also tried to choke him by putting a knee on his neck which made him lose his consciousness. Police officers Va., Bi. and three other unnamed police officers 15/03/2016 Extract from medical file no. 9116 Traumatology centre at Ryazan City Hospital no. 2 Soft-tissue bruises on the head, face and both lower legs Arrested on the administrative charge of being in a public place in a state of alcoholic intoxication (Art. 20.21 CAO), escorted to the police station to draw up a record of administrative offence, on 14/03/2015 brought to the local Justice of the Peace for administrative trial 7. 24996/18 Zalbegov v. Russia 01/11/2016 at 2.00 am Makhachkala, Sadovoye tovarisches-tvo str. 80 Police 01/11/2016 Police car and near Kirovskiy police station, Makhachka-la The applicant was allegedly hit on the head and held by the neck by police officer in the car on the way to the police station. After that, near the police station the applicant was punched and kicked by officers. Police officers 01/11/2016 Medical Certificate Traumatology centre at Makhachkala Bruise at the right chest side The police officers approached the applicant who was repairing his car. They checked his documents and tried to search the applicant. After he inquired of the reason for the search, the officers decided to escort him to the police station.     No Application No. and Title APPENDIX No. 2 Article 3 - Procedural aspect DOMESTIC COMPLAINT AND THE GOVERNMENT REACTION Date of Complaint Authority Type of Reaction Date(s) Procedural Outcome 1. 10723/18 Kurov v.   Russia 08/06/2015 Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation Criminal Investigation 21/07/2015 The criminal investigation was terminated on 21/12/2015 (“no evidence of violence by the prison guards”). The applicant unsuccessfully challenged the refusal in court (Appellate Decision of the Voronezh Regional Court of 21/08/2017). 2. 11545/18 Vlasov v.   Russia 18/02/2013 Investigator Consistently refused 29/12/2017 Latest refusal to prosecute - 17/11/2017, quashed on 29/12/2017 The courts established unreasonable delays in the course of the investigation on two occasions (15/07/2016 and 23/01/2017) 3. 12875/18 Golovachev v.   Russia 07/08/2015 Investigative Committee of Russia; Prosecutor’s Office of the Krasnodar Region Consistently refused 11/04/2015; 06/04/2017; 22/09/2017; 08/12/2017 The Investigative Committee refused to institute criminal proceedings on four occasions (last time - on 08/12/2017); its refusals were quashed on, at least, three occasions: 27/03/2017, 12/09/2017 and 24/11/2017; the applicant also attempted to lodge complaints under Art. 125 CCrP with the domestic courts, however, the court proceedings were subsequently terminated as the refusals had been quashed and additional pre-investigative inquiry had been ordered (see, for instance, decisions of the Oktyabrskiy District Court of Krasnodar of 27/03/2017 and 12/09/2017)   Remarks: The applicant received a copy of the initial refusal to institute criminal proceedings of 11/04/2015 only on 16/11/2016. The refusals to institute criminal proceedings were taken on formal grounds as the information requested had not been provided by the detention facilities involved. 4. 13701/18 Akayev v.   Russia 14/02/2017 Investigator Refused, then granted 03/05/2017 - refusal to initiate a criminal case. On 08/08/2017 the refusal was annulled The investigation seem to be pending (refusal to initiate a criminal case was annulled on 08/08/2017). Trial and appeal court looked into ill-treatment allegations and dismissed them (appeal judgment of 12/12/2017)   Remarks: The trial court provided no plausible explanation to the applicant’s injuries was provided (except for the general phrase that the force was used during the applicant’s arrest) 5. 16097/18 Ibragimov v. Russia 22/07/2016 Investigator Consistently refused 25/07/2016, 01/03/2017, 17/06/2017 The applicant appealed against the refusal of 25/07/2016 under Article 125 of CCP. However, the refusal was quashed by the higher investigator and court proceedings were discontinued. Refusal of 15/05/2017 was quashed by higher investigator. Refusal of 17/06/2017 was appealed against under Article 125. The proceedings were also discontinued on 29/09/2017. 6. 22821/18 Yudin v.   Russia 15/03/2016 Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation Consistently refused 14/04/2016; 10/11/2016; 25/12/2017; 18/03/2018 The Investigative Committee refused to institute criminal proceedings on at least four occasions (last time - on 18/03/2018); its refusals were quashed by the prosecutor’s office on at least three occasions; the applicant also attempted to lodge complaints under Article 125 CCrP with the Zheleznodorozhniy District Court of Ryazan, however, the court proceedings were both times terminated as the refusals had been quashed and additional pre-investigative inquiry had been ordered (see the respective court decisions of 04/12/2017 and 20/02/2018). 7. 24996/18 Zalbegov v.   Russia n/a Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation Consistently refused Refusals to initiate criminal proceedings: 22/03/2017, 12/07/2017 The Investigative Committee consistently refused to initiate criminal proceedings. All these refusals were quashed by domestic courts. The latest refusal took place on 12/07/2017. The first instance court quashed it on 20/11/2017. Upheld on appeal on 17/01/2018.     No. Application No. and Title APPENDIX No. 3 Other complaints under the well-established case-law 1. 16097/18 Ibragimov v. Russia Art. 5 – 1 – unlawful deprivation of liberty, including unrecorded detention and detention without a judicial order and any other legal basis - from 22/03/2016 to 30/03/2016   ; the applicant was taken to an unknown location by police officers. No record. 2. 24996/18 Zalbegov v. Russia Art. 5 – 1 – unlawful deprivation of liberty, including unrecorded detention and detention without a judicial order and any other legal basis - 01/11/2016 at 2.00 am   ; the applicant’s arrest had no valid justification