CEDH · CASELAW;COMMUNICATEDCASES;ENG — 2 octobre 2019

.s800EAC49 { font-size:12pt } .sA6BC7FA7 { margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:14.2pt; text-align:right } .sBB9EE52A { font-family:Arial } .s9793A85B { margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:14.2pt } .s5E1364CA { margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:12pt; text-align:center; page-break-inside:avoid; page-break-after:avoid; font-size:14pt } .s8229ABDD { margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:12pt; text-align:center } .s68C46B95 { margin-top:36pt; margin-bottom:12pt; text-align:center } .s3F59B822 { font-family:Arial; font-weight:bold; text-transform:uppercase } .s8578A85B { margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:11.6pt } .sA36B60A1 { font-family:Arial; font-style:italic } .s39A7D870 { margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:14.2pt; page-break-inside:avoid; page-break-after:avoid } .s58699FB5 { margin-top:14pt; margin-bottom:12pt; page-break-inside:avoid; page-break-after:avoid; font-size:14pt } .s9296A950 { margin-top:36pt; margin-bottom:12pt; text-align:center; page-break-inside:avoid; page-break-after:avoid } .s29100277 { font-family:Arial; font-weight:bold } .s4ACA9207 { page-break-before:always; clear:both; mso-break-type:section-break } .s6DB91820 { text-align:center } .s25B97BCD { margin-right:auto; margin-left:auto; border:0.75pt solid #808080; border-collapse:collapse } .sF5C9E8B1 { height:46.3pt } .sD1CDDC62 { border-right:0.75pt solid #808080; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #808080; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top; background-color:#e0e0e0 } .s598389F7 { margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:center; font-size:10pt } .s2490CDBC { border-right:0.75pt solid #808080; border-left:0.75pt solid #808080; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #808080; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top; background-color:#e0e0e0 } .s7BE5FA79 { margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:14.2pt; text-align:center; font-size:10pt } .s26ADB50A { border-left:0.75pt solid #808080; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #808080; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top; background-color:#e0e0e0 } .sFD306575 { height:35.55pt } .s2F4AF114 { border-top:0.75pt solid #808080; border-right:0.75pt solid #808080; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #808080; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top } .s6B505E72 { margin:0pt; padding-left:0pt } .s3594C865 { margin-left:13.34pt; text-align:center; padding-left:4.51pt; font-family:Arial; font-size:10pt; font-weight:bold } .s898DAE93 { border:0.75pt solid #808080; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top } .s98CCAF74 { margin-top:0pt; margin-left:0.45pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:-0.45pt; text-align:center; font-size:10pt } .sB71F2881 { border-top:0.75pt solid #808080; border-left:0.75pt solid #808080; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #808080; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top } .s85226119 { margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:justify; font-size:10pt } .sAE08D88E { height:61.35pt } .s30BE81C7 { margin-left:17.85pt; text-align:center; font-family:Arial; font-size:10pt; font-weight:bold } .sBCA334AF { border-top:0.75pt solid #808080; border-right:0.75pt solid #808080; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top } .s7CB6920E { border-top:0.75pt solid #808080; border-right:0.75pt solid #808080; border-left:0.75pt solid #808080; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top } .s62945D10 { border-top:0.75pt solid #808080; border-left:0.75pt solid #808080; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top } .s32563E28 { margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt } Communicated on 2 October 2019   FOURTH SECTION Application no. 42163/18 Mariana POPA against Romania and 16 other applications (see list appended) STATEMENT OF FACTS 1.     The applicants are Romanian nationals. Their personal details and the dates of introduction of their respective applications are set out in the appended table. 2.     The facts of the cases, as submitted by the applicants, are similar to those presented in Association “21 December 1989” and Others v.   Romania (nos.   33810/07 and 18817/08, §§ 12-41, 24 May 2011) and Sidea and   Others v. Romania ([Committee], no. 889/15 and 38 others, §§   4-11, 5   June 2018). In respect of the applicants, the facts can be summarised as follows. 3.     Between 23 and 25 December 1989, some of the applicants were injured by gunshots or their close relatives were shot dead in Bucharest and Reșița during the events that led to the overthrow of the communist regime. Some of the applicants stated that they had been either beaten by the militia forces and placed in detention or injured by being hit with a hard object during the events. 4.     The main criminal investigation opened in 1990 concerning the use of force, both prior to and following the overthrow of communism, was the subject matter of file no. 11/P/2014 recorded with the domestic military prosecutor’s office. 5.     On 14 October 2015 the prosecutor’s office closed the investigation, finding that the complaints were partly statute-barred, partly subject to an amnesty and partly ill-founded. It also found that some of the facts which had been investigated could not be classified as criminal offences, and some of the charges were res judicatae . 6.     In June 2016 the High Court of Cassation and Justice upheld a decision by the Prosecutor General to quash the prosecutor’s decision of 14   October 2015 and reopen the case. 7.     On 5 April 2019 the prosecutor’s office sent to trial several individuals (namely the former Romanian President, former Romanian Prime-Minister and former commander of the Romanian Air Force at the material time) for crimes against humanity, and closed the investigation with regard to other individuals for different reasons preventing the continuity of criminal proceedings (i.e. some of the charges were res judicatae, some of the suspects died or some of the facts which had been investigated could not be classified as criminal offences). COMPLAINTS 8.     Relying on Articles 2 and/or 3 of the Convention, the applicants complain of the lack of an effective criminal investigation by the authorities, capable of leading to the punishment of those responsible for their injuries or the death of their close relatives during the events of December 1989 in Bucharest and Reșița. 9.     Relying on Article 6 § 1 of the Convention, in applications nos.   42163/18, 2234/19, 7613/19 and 22230/19 the applicants complain about the length of the criminal proceedings opened after the events of December 1989 in Bucharest and Reșița. 10.     Relying on Article 13 of the Convention, in application no.   2234/19 the applicants complain about the lack of an effective domestic remedy to provide an investigation within a reasonable time. COMMON QUESTIONS 1.     Having regard to the procedural protection of the right to life (see Association “21 December 1989” and Others v. Romania , nos.   33810/07 and 18817/08, §§ 133-35, 24 May 2011) and to the procedural protection from inhuman or degrading treatment (see Labita v. Italy [GC], no.   26772/95, § 131, ECHR 2000-IV), was the investigation in the present cases compatible with the procedural requirements of Articles 2 and/or 3 of the Convention? CASE SPECIFIC QUESTIONS 1.     As regards applications nos. 42163/18, 2234/19, 7613/19 and   22230/19, was the length of the criminal proceedings in breach of the “reasonable time” requirement of Article 6 § 1 of the Convention?   2.     Did the applicants in application no. 2234/19 have at their disposal an effective domestic remedy for the determination of their complaints under Articles   2 and 6 of the Convention, as required by Article 13 of the Convention? APPENDIX   No. Application no. Lodged on Applicant name date of birth place of residence Represented by Particular circumstances of the application   42163/18* 27/08/2018 Mariana POPA 06/09/1979 Reșita   David-Daniel DEACONESCU Daughter of a victim killed by gunshot on 25   December   1989 in Reșita   2234/19 12/12/2018 Ștefania-Alina BODO 01/01/1976 Bucharest   Beatrice-Constantin BODO 21/02/1977 Bucharest   Eleonora ARJOCA Sister and brother of a victim killed by gunshot on 23   December   1989 in Bucharest   7613/19* 23/01/2019 Patricia POPTELECAN 04/05/1987 Timișoara   David-Daniel DEACONESCU Daughter of a victim killed by gunshot on the night of 24/25   December   1989 in Reșita   9759/19 08/02/2019 Elena BUZATU 11/08/1960 Bucharest   Eleonora ARJOCA Beaten by the militia forces and placed in detention in Jilava, Bucharest, on the night of 21/22 December 1989   9770/19 08/02/2019 Maria CANTEMIR 27/11/1950 Bucharest   Eleonora ARJOCA Beaten by the militia forces and placed in detention in Jilava, Bucharest, on the night of 21/22 December 1989   9778/19 08/02/2019 Vasile IONIȘOR 22/09/1958 Bucharest   Eleonora ARJOCA Beaten by the militia forces and placed in detention in Police Department no. 19 and then in Jilava, Bucharest, on the night of 21/22 December 1989   9784/19 08/02/2019 Carmen ION 10/03/1970 Bucharest   Eleonora ARJOCA Injured by gunshot on 22 December 1989 in Bucharest   9791/19 08/02/2019 Marin IANCU 09/07/1938 Bucharest   Eleonora ARJOCA Father of a victim killed by gunshot on 21   December   1989 in Bucharest   9904/19 08/02/2019 Vasile HALAS 16/03/1949 Bucharest   Eleonora ARJOCA Beaten by the militia forces and placed in detention in Police Department no. 17 and then in Jilava, Bucharest, on the night of 21/22 December 1989   9915/19 08/02/2019 Tiberiu CANTEMIR 08/04/1964 Bucharest   Eleonora ARJOCA Beaten by the militia forces and placed in detention in Jilava, Bucharest, on the night of 21/22 December 1989   9923/19 08/02/2019 Nicolae MANU 14/08/1962 Bucharest   Eleonora ARJOCA Injured by gunshot on 23 December 1989 in Bucharest   9928/19 08/02/2019 Paula TRIFANOV 26/12/1972 Bucharest   Eleonora ARJOCA Beaten by the militia forces and placed in detention in Central Police Department and then in Jilava, Bucharest, on the night of 21/22 December 1989   9929/19 08/02/2019 Camelia TEMNEANU 26/08/1967 Periș   Eleonora ARJOCA Beaten by the militia forces and placed in detention in Central Police Department and then in Jilava, Bucharest, on the night of 21/22 December 1989   9941/19 08/02/2019 Gheorghe STĂNCULESCU 05/02/1965 Bucharest   Eleonora ARJOCA Beaten by the militia forces and placed in detention in Jilava, Bucharest, on the night of 21/22 December 1989   9946/19 08/02/2019 Marian RISTEA 18/04/1969 Bucharest   Eleonora ARJOCA Injured by gunshot on the night of 21/22 December 1989 in Bucharest   9949/19 08/02/2019 Petre MORARU 13/07/1942 Bucharest   Eleonora ARJOCA Injured by being hit with a hard object on the night of 21/22   December   1989 in Bucharest   22230/19* 09/04/2019 Constantin-Lucian POPA 17/05/1981 Reșita   David-Daniel DEACONESCU Son of a victim killed by gunshot on 25   December   1989 in Reșita