CEDH · CASELAW;COMMUNICATEDCASES;ENG — 24 septembre 2020

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border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; padding-right:3.12pt; padding-left:3.5pt } .sD8A8C2E5 { width:21.24%; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; padding-right:3.12pt; padding-left:3.5pt } .s4F3C92D3 { width:28.54%; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; padding-right:3.12pt; padding-left:3.5pt; vertical-align:top } Communicated on 24 September 2020 Published on 12 October 2020   THIRD SECTION Application no. 55708/10 Vadim Gennadyevich DAVYDOV against Russia and 3 other applications (see list appended) STATEMENT OF FACTS The applicants complained under Articles 3 and 13 of the Convention that they had been subjected to ill-treatment by State officials and that the State failed to conduct an effective domestic investigation into those incidents. All of the applicants submitted that their attempts to initiate criminal investigation in connection with the incidents or otherwise bring the events to the attention of the authorities proved futile. The relevant details regarding the applicants’ allegations and their version of factual circumstances are reflected in the attached appendices. The information regarding the alleged breach of the substantive aspect of Article 3 is contained in Appendix no. 1. The reaction of the domestic authorities to the applicants’ complaints is reflected in Appendix no. 2. The table of cases:   No. Application number Introduction date Name of the applicants / date of birth / place of residence 1. 55708/10 31/08/2010 Vadim Gennadyevich DAVYDOV 8/08/1970   Chelyabinsk, the Chelyabinsk Region 2. 13448/11 12/01/2011 Andrey Vladimirovich CHUMACHENKO 30/10/1964   Grozny, the Chechen Republic 3. 16254/11 17/02/2011 Sergey Anatolyevich KUZNETSOV 4/12/1977   Astrakhan, the Astrakhan Region 4. 23435/12 11/04/2012 Stanislav Yevgenyevich DERKACHEV 10/01/1970   Moscow QUESTIONS TO THE PARTIES 1.     Having regard to the injuries found on the applicants after the time spent by them in State custody or being in contact with State officials, have the applicants been subjected to inhuman or degrading treatment, in breach of Article 3 of the Convention (see, among other authorities, Razzakov v.   Russia , no.   57519/09, 5   February 2015; Gorshchuk v. Russia , no.   31316/09, 6   October 2015; Turbylev v.   Russia , no.   4722/09, 6   October 2015; Fartushin v.   Russia , no.   38887/09, 8   October 2015; Aleksandr Andreyev v.   Russia , no.   2281/06, 23   February 2016; and Leonid Petrov v.   Russia , no.   52783/08, 11   October 2016)?   Have the authorities discharged their burden of proof by providing a plausible or satisfactory and convincing explanation of how the applicants’ injuries were caused (see Selmouni v. France [GC], no. 25803/94, § 87, ECHR 1999 ‑ V; Salman v. Turkey [GC], no.   21986/93, §   100, ECHR   2000 ‑ VII; and Bouyid v. Belgium [GC], no.   23380/09, §   83 and further, ECHR 2015)?   2.     Did the authorities carry out an effective investigation, in compliance with the procedural obligation under Article 3 of the Convention (see Lyapin v.   Russia , no.   46956/09, §§   125-40, 24   July   2014), having regard to:   (a)     the investigating authorities’ refusals to open criminal cases and investigate the applicants’ allegations of ill-treatment by the State officials, and the overruling of those refusals as unlawful and unsubstantiated by higher investigative authorities or courts, and   (b)     the investigating authorities’ inability to implement full investigative measures within the framework of the pre-investigation inquiries, before and/or after amendments to the Code of Criminal Procedure introduced by Federal Law no. 23-FZ of 4 March 2013, for example, confrontations, identification parades, searches, and so forth?   3.     As regards case no. 23435/12, having regard to the findings of the domestic courts, can it be said that the authorities have discharged their procedural obligation to assess the need and proportionality of the use of force by the bailiffs in respect of the applicant?       No   Application No. and Title APPENDIX No. 1 Article 3 - Substantive aspect ARREST ALLEGED ILL-TREATMENT EVIDENCE Date Time Facts Region Town Street Entity Date Time Location Alleged Facts Perpetrator(s) Date Doc Type Authority Description of Injuries 1. 55708/10 Davydov v.   Russia 24/11/2009   Chelyabinsk Region n/a 27/08/2010 At 9.20 a.m. IZ-74/1, Chelyabinsk During a morning check-up in a remand prison, the applicant and the officers had a verbal fight which resulted in the officers beating the applicant on his head and right shoulder Prison guards M. and F. 06/09/2010 Report of prison paramedic IZ-74/1, Chelyabinsk A hematoma on the applicant’s right shoulder 2. 13448/11 Chumachenko v.   Russia 4/6/2009 Noginsk, Moscow Region Department of the Interior of Noginsk 4/06/2009, around 19.00 Department of the Interior of Noginsk Heavy beatings Police officers   4/06/2009       11/06/2009           16/06/2009   Medical report       Report           Expert examination   Noginsk Central Hospital   Head of Emergency Department of IZ-50/1 of Noginsk   Noginsk Forensic Bureau     Multiple bruises of higher limbs and chest, lower limbs, face, neck and damage to kidneys               At a waist area on the left side a choppy bruise of indefinite shape, sized 9 to 4 cm, blue to green colour ... on the right side a bruise ... sized 4 to 10,5 cm ... a horizontal scratch sized 3   to 0,3 cm, with dark brown crust, in the area of the right forearm ... a bruise sized 3 to 2   cm, on the right shoulder a bruise sized 14 to 11 cm, a bruise 7 to 5,5   cm, on the right elbow a bruise of 12,5 to 8 cm, on the belly, a bruise sized 2 to 1,5   cm, on the left elbow a bruise sized 2 to 1,5 cm, on the knee surface a series of bruises sized 8 to 4 cm, scratches on both shins sized 3 to 1 cm and 7   to 3 cm, on the right shoulder a bruise sized 6 to 2 cm. 3. 16254/11 Kuznetsov v.   Russia 14/01/2006 Astrakhan Region Irrelevant 19/08/2008 At 11.30 a.m. Leninskiy District Court of Astrakhan After a hearing the applicant and a convoy officer had a verbal fight. The officer twisted the applicant’s arms, kicked and punched him on his body Convoy officer   A. 19/08/2008 Medical card IZ-30/1, Astrakhan An abrasion on the right side of the applicant’s body 4. 23435/12 Derkachev v.   Russia n/a n/a n/a 4/08/2011 A house of the applicant’s son BD at the town of Dmitrov, the Moscow Region The bailiffs arrived at the house of the applicant’s son with a view to enforcing a court judgment. Apparently a fight broke out as a result of which the applicant sustained multiple light injuries Bailiffs S, G and D 8/08/2011 Report of forensic examination Dmitrov Bureau of Forensic Examination   Bruises on the back, the right forearm, scratches of the right lower third part of the right forearm and the outside surface of the left elbow Circular scratch ... on the right forearm could be formed as a result of the use of handcuffs     No Application No. and Title APPENDIX No. 2 Article 3 - Procedural aspect DOMESTIC COMPLAINT AND THE GOVERNMENT REACTION Date of Complaint Authority Type of Reaction Date(s) Procedural Outcome 1. 55708/10 Davydov v.   Russia 31/08/2010 Investigation Committee Refusal 08/10/2010 According to the refusal, the applicant disobeyed orders of prison guards and was placed in cell for two hours. He was not beaten or ill-treated. He refused to undergo medical examination on the day of the alleged ill-treatment. A hematoma was inflicted “in circumstances not related to the incident of 27/08/2010”. On 17/11/2010 the Kalininskiy District Court dismissed the applicant’s appeal against the refusal. On 01/02/2011 the Chelyabinsk Regional Court endorsed the court decision. 2. 13448/11 Chumachenko v. Russia   17/06/2009     Prosecutor’s Office of Noginsk of the Moscow Region Refusal 17/06/2009, 27/06/2009   The domestic courts refused the applicant’s complaints about ill-treatment at first instance on 13/04/2010, on appeal on 01/06/2010 3. 16254/11 Kuznetsov v.   Russia 20/08/2008 Prosecution office Refusal 26/09/2008 06/11/2008 21/05/2009 02/07/2009 On 02/07/2009 a latest refusal to open a criminal case was issued. The applicant’s allegations of ill-treatment were unfounded. The applicant’s appeals to the domestic courts were unsuccessful. On 17/09/2010 the Leninskiy District Court dismissed his complaint. On 20/01/2011 the Astrakhan Regional Court upheld the decision. 4. 23435/12 Derkachev v. Russia   8/8/2011   Dmitrov Town Court Refusal 8/09/2011 Dmitrov Town Court 10/11/2011 Moscow Regional Court   The domestic courts did not analyse the need to use physical force or whether the use of force was proportionate.