CEDH · CASELAW;COMMUNICATEDCASES;ENG — 28 septembre 2020

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padding-right:3.12pt; padding-left:3.5pt } .sE0C7472B { width:6.66%; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding-right:3.12pt; padding-left:3.5pt } .sB2B284A6 { width:52.64%; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding-right:3.12pt; padding-left:3.5pt } .s1AD26575 { height:34.25pt } .s4735D7A { height:20.55pt } .s791D263B { height:21.3pt } .s5FFF0A77 { margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:1pt } Communicated on 28 September 2020 Published on 19 October 2020   THIRD SECTION Application no. 61504/10 Olga Zakharovna TOPAL and Natalya Savelyevna TOPAL against Russia and 4 others – see appended list STATEMENT OF FACTS Applicants Ms Olga and Natalya Topal (no. 61504/10), Ms Radchenko (no. 60246/11) and Ms   Shaposhnikova (no. 9247/15) complain under Articles 2, 3 and 13 of the Convention that their relatives were ill-treated and killed by State officials while in custody and that there was no effective investigation in that regard.   Mr I.Z. and Mr Krysyuk complain under Articles 3 and 13 of the Convention that they were subjected to ill-treatment by State officials and that the State failed to conduct an effective domestic investigation into those incidents.   The relevant details regarding the applicants’ allegations and their version of factual circumstances are reflected in the attached appendices. The information regarding the alleged breach of the substantive aspects of Articles 2 and 3 of the Convention is contained in Appendix No. 1. The reaction of the domestic authorities to the applicants’ complaints is reflected in Appendix   No. 2.   Mr Krysyuk also complains under Articles 8 and 34 of the Convention that his correspondence with the Court was inspected by the staff of the temporary detention facility, in particular, that the Registry’s letter of 5   September   2012 addressed to the applicant had been opened and stamped. His complaints to the courts were dismissed as unfounded.   Table of cases:   No. Case name Application no. Lodged on Applicant Year of Birth Place of Residence Nationality Diseased person in respect of whom the applicant complains Affiliation with the applicant Represented by 1. Topal v.   Russia 61504/10   19/10/2010 Olga Zakharovna TOPAL 1956 Chishinau Moldovan   Natalya Savelyevna TOPAL 1984 Kazakliya Moldovan Mr Sergey TOPAL   The applicants’ son and brother Grigor AVETISYAN 2. Radchenko v.   Russia 60246/11   21/09/2011 Marina Rudolfovna RADCHENKO Chelyabinsk Russian Mr Andrey RADCHENKO   The applicant’s husband Nadezhda Viktorovna YERMOLAYEVA 3. I.Z. v.   Russia 62510/12   20/09/2012 I.Z. Moscow Russian - Karinna Akopovna MOSKALENKO 4. Krysyuk v.   Russia 75186/11   04/03/2013 Aleksandr Viktorovich KRYSYUK 1971 Sharypovo Russian - - 5. Shaposhnikova v. Russia 9247/15   12/02/2015 Yelena Sergeyevna SHAPOSHNIKOVA 1976 Kovernino Russian Mr Evgeniy SHAPOSHNIKOV   The applicant’s husband Yekaterina VANSLOVA       QUESTIONS Applications : Topal v. Russia (no. 61504/10) Radchenko v. Russia (no.   60246/11) Shaposhnikova v. Russia (no. 9247/15)   1.     Have the applicants’ relatives’ (Mr Topal, Mr Radchenko and Mr   Shaposhnikov) rights, guaranteed by Articles 2 and 3 of the Convention, been violated? In particular, did their deaths result from ill-treatment by State officials?   2.     Was the investigation by the domestic authorities into the alleged ill ‑ treatment and death of the applicants’ relatives in breach of Articles 2 and 3 of the Convention (see Salman v. Turkey [GC], no. 21986/93, § 104, ECHR 2000-VII, and Labita v. Italy [GC], no. 26772/95, § 131, ECHR   2000 ‑ IV)?   Applications : I.Z. v. Russia (no. 62510/12) Krysyuk v. Russia (no. 75186/11)   1.     a)     Having regard to the injuries found on the applicants after the time spent by them in State custody, have the applicants been subjected to torture, or inhuman or degrading treatment, in breach of Article 3 of the Convention (see, among other authorities, Razzakov v. Russia , no.   57519/09, 5   February   2015, and Leonid Petrov v. Russia , no. 52783/08, 11   October   2016)? b)     Have the authorities discharged their burden of proof by providing a plausible or satisfactory and convincing explanation of how the applicants’ injuries were caused (see Salman , cited above, §   100, and Bouyid v. Belgium [GC], no.   23380/09, §   83 and further, ECHR 2015)? c)     Did the authorities carry out an effective investigation, in compliance with the procedural obligation under Article 3 of the Convention (see Lyapin v.   Russia , no.   46956/09, §§   125-40, 24 July 2014)?   2.     Did the applicants have at their disposal an effective domestic remedy for their complaints under Article 3, as required by Article   13 of the Convention?   CASE SPECIFIC QUESTIONS   I.Z. v. Russia (no. 62510/12) Did the applicant lose his victim status of a violation of Article 3, within the meaning of Article 34 of the Convention, in respect of his complaint about his ill-treatment on 1   September 2009 by officer K., having regard to the conviction and sentencing of the officer?   Krysyuk v. Russia (no. 75186/11) Regarding the alleged opening and reading of the applicant’s correspondence with the Court by the authorities of the temporary detention facility “Sharypovo”, was there a violation of the applicant’s rights under Articles 8 and 34 of the Convention (see Yefimenko v. Russia , no. 152/04, §§ 161-165, 12 February 2013)?       No   Application No. and Title APPENDIX No. 1 Articles 2 or 3 - Substantive aspect ARREST ALLEGED ILL-TREATMENT EVIDENCE Date Time Facts Region Town Location Entity Date Time Location Alleged Facts Alleged perpetrator(s) Date Doc Type Authority Description of Injuries 1. 61504/10 Topal v. Russia 09/10/2008 Moscow Police officers of the Department of the Interior of the Taganskiy District in Moscow Found dead on 09/11/2008 IZ-77/2, Moscow Mr Topal was found dead in lavatory. He had multiple cut wounds on his neck and elbow-joints Unclear 17/12/2008 Forensic medical examination act Bureau of Forensic Examinations in Moscow Mr Topal had a cut wound on the left side of his neck measuring 4,8 cm and 0,7 cm in depth; on his left elbow-joint a wound measuring 7   cm and 0,8 cm in depth and a wound measuring 7,3 cm and 0,7 cm in depth on his right elbow-joint. The cut wounds resulted in acute bleeding which caused his death. He also had several cut wounds measuring between 2,5 cm and 7,2 cm on his neck not linked to his death. Mr Topal had a closed blunt injury of his neck caused by a hard blunt object. According to the expert, the neck injury was caused before the cut injuries to his neck and elbows 2. 60246/11 Radchenko v.   Russia 03/12/2008 Chelyabinsk Region Irrelevant Found dead on 22/12/2009 IK-9, Chelyabinsk Region Mr Radchenko’s death was recorded on 22/12/2009 at 2 p.m. due to liver cirrhosis. There were visible injuries on his body Prison guards 03/02/2011 Court decision Metallurgi-cheskiy District Court, Chelyabinsk On the basis of video and photo evidence the court established that there had been “numerous traces of various injuries, and following the autopsy there had been further injuries such as skin slice cuts on a bend of [his left] elbow and under both knee-caps” on Mr   Radchenko’s body 3. 62510/12 I.Z. v.   Russia 01/09/2009 Moscow Officers of the Federal Drug Control Service in Moscow 01/09/2009 During the arrest Beaten and threatened with a gun, kicked in groin Officer K. 09/09/2009 Medical record City hospital no. 31 in Moscow He had blunt injury of his scrotum and a crush of his right testicle I.Z. stayed at the hospital between 01/09/2009 and 30/10/2009 Between 01/11/2009 and 19/11/2009 IZ-77/2, Moscow Beaten on his head and body Inmate S. allegedly on the instruction of prison guards 26/11/2009 Medical record City hospital no. 79 in Moscow Closed craniocerebral injury, abrasions on his face, hematoma on his chest. I.Z. stayed at the hospital between 26/11/2009 and 09/12/2009 4. 75186/11 Krysyuk v.   Russia 01/07/2010 Krasnoyarsk Region   Officers of the Federal Drug Control Service in the Krasnoyarsk Region 01/07/2010 Premises of the Federal Drug Control Service Beaten, subjected to electric shocks, threatened with further violence in order to extract confession statements Officers I. and R. 02/07/2010 Forensic medical examination act no. 356 Bureau of Forensic Examinations in the Krasnoyarsk Region Thermal burn on his left cheekbone caused by an impact of high temperature, including by electric shocks voltage. Abrasions on his chest were caused by a hard blunt object. The injuries were inflicted within 1-3 days before the examination 5. 9247/15 Shaposhnikova v. Russia 05/10/2011 Nizhegorod-skiy Region Police officers of the Inter-municipal Department of the Interior ( МО МВД «Кавернин-ский» ) Found dead on 6 October 2011 Police station of the Inter-municipal Department of the Interior Mr Shaposhnikov’s death was recorded at 11 a.m. at the police station. He had hematomas on his eyes and lips. Police officers 07/10/2011 Forensic medical examination act no. 276 Bureau of Forensic Examinations in the Nizhegorod-skiy Region Mr Shaposhnikov’s death resulted from a closed craniocerebral injury which caused acute haemorrhage in the frontal lobe of his head. He also had bruises on his right forearm and write wrist. The injuries had been caused within 1-3 days before the death 07/06/2012 Complex forensic medical examination act no.   62- СЛ(доп) Bureau of Forensic Examinations in the Nizhegorod-skiy Region The experts noted the same injuries. They also found that the head injury had been caused by at least 6 blows by a hard blunt object and the injuries on his body had been caused by at least 8 blows No Application no. Title APPENDIX No. 2 Articles 2 and 3 - Procedural aspect DOMESTIC COMPLAINT AND THE GOVERNMENT REACTION Date of Complaint Authority Type of Reaction Date(s) Procedural Outcome 1. 61504/10 Topal v. Russia 01/11/2008 06/11/2008 Federal Security Service, Investigation Committee Refusals 19/11/2008 26/12/2008 19/01/2009 According to the investigative authorities, Mr Topal committed suicide. Refusal of 19/11/2008 was quashed as incomplete. On 11/12/2009 the Tverskoy District Court dismissed the applicants’ appeal against the refusal of 26/12/2008 as unfounded. On 29/03/2010 the Moscow City Court quashed the court decision of 11/12/2009. It noted, among other things, that the authorities had failed to assess the fact that Mr Topal had had a neck injury. Further outcome is unclear. 2. 60246/11 Radchenko v.   Russia 26/12/2009 Investigation Committee Refusals 28/12/2009 02/09/2010 21/04/2011 On 03/02/2011 the Metallurgicheskiy District Court in Chelyabinsk found the refusal of 02/09/2010 incomplete, noting that the investigators had failed to explain the injuries found on Mr Radchenko’s body. On 21/04/2011 the investigator refused to open a criminal case, finding that the injuries were of a non-violent nature 3. 62510/12 I.Z. v. Russia 02/09/2009 Investigation Committee Criminal case opened 06/11/2009 In respect of the applicant’s ill-treatment on 01/09/2009, the Cheremushkinskiy District Court convicted officer K. for the infliction of injuries to the applicant on 30/11/2011. It sentenced K. to one year imprisonment in that regard. On 21/03/2012 the Moscow City Court upheld the judgment.   12/02/2010 Investigation Committee Refusals At least 17 refusals issued between 15/02/2010 and 01/06/2011 In respect of the applicant’s alleged ill-treatment at IZ-77/2, the investigators found that the injuries had been inflicted by an unidentified person. On 30/04/2013 the Tverskoy District Court dismissed the applicant’s complaints against the investigators’ inactions. It follows from the case-file that the applicant learned about the refusals only at the hearing. On 24/07/2013 the Moscow City Court upheld the court decision. 4. 75186/11 Krysyuk v.   Russia 01/07/2010 Investigation Committee Refusals At least 18 refusals issued between 26/07/2010 and 01/11/2012 The applicant’s allegations of ill-treatment during and after the arrest were declared unfounded. All refusals were quashed. On 14/03/2013 the Sharypovskiy Town Court dismissed the applicant’s complaint against the investigator’s inactivity. The applicant did not participate in the hearing. On 29/05/2013 the Krasnoyarsk Regional Court quashed the decision. 5. 9247/15 Shaposhnikova v. Russia 19/10/2011 Investigation Committee Refusals 05/11/2011 16/01/2012 26/05/2013 12/12/2013 The investigators found that Mr Shaposhnikov’s injuries had been inflicted by Mr L., his brother-in-law. On 02/11/2012 the Koverninskiy Disrtict Court discontinued criminal proceedings against Mr L., finding that Mr   L. had hit twice Mr Shaposhnikov the day before his death. The court found that Mr L.’s two blows could not have led to Mr Shaposhnikov’s death. In subsequent refusals the investigators found that Mr Shaposhnikov had been beaten by unidentified persons before he had been taken to the police station. All refusals were quashed as incomplete. In the court hearing of 15/09/2014 the applicant learned that the latest refusal had been quashed.