Ukraine , no. 4063/04, § 34, 19 February 2009; and Berhani v. Albania , no. 847/05, § 46, 27 May 2010), is not bound by the characterisation given by the parties.

Two important Sufis had a considerable impact on the emergence of this religious movement: Hoca Ahmet Yesevi (12 th century) and Haci Bektaşi Veli (14 th century).

shaping the Turkish understanding of Islam, while the syllabus for Year 11 explained the different interpretations of Islam, and the Year 12 syllabus contained a wealth of information on Alevi-Bektashi ( bektaşi