On 16, 17 and 18 January 2002 the investigator ordered the applicant's transfer to the Severodvinsk Town temporary detention ward for participation in certain investigative actions.

The applicant was not brought to the courthouse.

Many were barred from approaching the courthouse which was cordoned off by the police. Later, during the proceedings, eight journalists were allowed in at the applicant’s insistent requests.

As there was still no electricity at the courthouse, the court asked the parties whether the hearing should be adjourned.

The participation in a hearing of a defence lawyer called upon by the defendant or appointed by the court is mandatory (Article 247 § 6). THE LAW I.

    Criminal proceedings against the applicant on a charge of robbery and the use of force by escorts in the courthouse 79.

No food (hot meal or dry ration) was served to the applicant in the courthouse. On such days the applicant was also deprived of outside walks and showers. 52.

According to him, at least on fifty occasions he was taken from the detention facility to the courthouse to take part in hearings.

The Government also submitted that records concerning the applicant’s participation in investigative measures were incomplete.

    A court could examine material or written evidence outside the courthouse if such evidence could not or was difficult to be brought to the courthouse (Articles 79 and 202). 42.

    On 8 December 2005 the Tverskoy District Court found the applicants and their co-defendants guilty of participation in mass disorders.

Article 155.1: Participation in the hearing by means of a video-conference [1] “1.

on whose written statements the applicant’s conviction was based;   Prot. 7 Art. 4 – right not to be tried or punished twice in criminal proceedings – the applicant was convicted twice for participation

He further submitted that his defence counsel had not been able to keep copies of the material from the case file and had been able to study it only in a specially assigned office of the courthouse.

In February 1993 he was arrested and placed in pre-trial detention for active participation in various acts of terrorism. He was released in October 2006.

In such cases a medical examination should include a general medical check-up and additional methods of testing, if necessary, with the participation of particular medical specialists.

Sentenced to 16 years in prison for the alleged participation in a murder committed in 1997, he complains of the unfairness of the criminal proceedings against him, in particular that the domestic courts

courts’ refusal to grant the applicants leave to appear at the hearings concerning their civil claim had been prejudicial, no legal possibilities having been considered to ensure their effective participation

The case management conference therefore took place without their participation.